AN ENCYCLOPZADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 311 
Rockeries—continued. f 
Rhododendrons are well suited for the purpose, as they 
grow tall if allowed, and their roots never spread far 
enough to rob the rock plants, as would those of large 
trees. To meet the requirements of the numerous sub- 
jects available for planting on a Rockery, it is requisite 
to provide various aspects and different kinds of soil; 
and, in planting, a knowledge of the habit each plant 
assumes is necessary, in order to dispose of all to 
the best advantage for producing a future effect. A 
general fault is to allow too little rooting space, by making 
the pockets—as the divisions between the stones are 
generally called—too small. This should specially be 
avoided; if roots cannot get down and establish them- 
selves, the plants soon become dried up in hot weather, 
particularly on sunny exposures. The class of plants 
which thrive best on rockwork—indeed, there are many 
that could scarcely be grown except in such a situation— 
is a very extensive one, and includes a large proportion 
of beautiful and most interesting subjects. If dwarf 
shrubs and other plants, also hardy bulbs, are introduced, 
the variety that may be represented in the limited space 
which a Rockery usually affords is really surprising. 
A very large proportion of, the genera Savifraga and 
Sedum make excellent rockwork plants. Other remarks 
on this subject may be found under Rock Garden in the 
article Garden. 
ROCKET. See Hesperis matronalis. 
ROCKET CANDYTUFT. See Iberis coronaria. 
ROCKET, DAME’S OR WHITE. See Hesperis 
matronalis. 
ROCKET, DYERS’. A common name for Reseda 
Luteola. 
ROCKET, SEA. See Cakile. 
ROCKFOIL. A name, suggested by Ruskin, for the 
genus Saxifraga. 
ROCK PINE. See Dianthus petreus. 
ROCK ROSE. See Cistus. 
RODGERSIA (named in honour of Admiral Rodgers, 
of the United States Navy, commander of the expedition 
during which the plant was first discovered). ORD. Saxi- 
fragee. A monotypic genus. The species is a hardy, 
erect, herbaceous perennial, with a thick, scaly rhizome. 
It thrives best in a compost of rich loam and peat, and 
may be increased by divisions. 
RK. japonica (Japanese). A synonym of R. podophylla. 
R, podophylla (stalked-leaved). Rodgers’ Bronze-Leaf. fl. of 
a Powiat white colour, somewhat nodding, ebracteate ; calyx 
tube very short, turbinate ; lobes five, spreading, valvate ; petals 
wanting ; stamens ten; filaments elongated; cymes scorpioid, 
disposed in ample, naked panicles. June and July, Z. three to 
five, large, alternate; radical ones larger, long-stalked, pal- 
mately or peltately five-sected ; canline ones three-lobed ; seg- 
ments sessile, argutely serrated, incised at apex ; petioles dilated 
at base; stipules membranous, adnate to the petioles. h. 3ft. 
to 4ft. Japan, 1880. (B. M. 6691; G. C. n. s., xx. 141.) Syn. 
R. japonica (R. G. 708). 
RODRIGUEZIA (named in honour of Em. Rodri- 
guez, a Spanish physician and botanist). Burlingtonia 
is now regarded, by the. authors of the ‘Genera Plan- 
tarum,” as synonymous with this genus, but is kept 
distinct in this work. ORD. Orchidee. A genus com- 
prising about a score of species of interesting, stove, 
epiphytal orchids, natives of tropical America, Flowers 
usually showy, many in a simple raceme; dorsal sepal 
free, petaloid, the lateral ones narrow, _connate ; petals 
similar to the dorsal sepal; lip continuous, or very 
shortly connate with the base of the column, the base 
often produced into a spur, the lamina spreading, obovate 
or obcordate, often exceeding the sepals, the disk usually 
crested; column erect, slender, club-shaped or produced 
into two auricles at the apex; pollen masses two; scapes 
axillary under the pseudo-bulbs. 
_R. Batemani (Bateman’s), 
Leaves oblong or elon- | 
Rodriguezia—continued. 
gated, coriaceous. For culture of the species described 
below, see Burlingtonia. 
} i y This is the correct name of the 
plant described in this work as Burlingtonia Batemani. 
R. caloplectron (beautiful-spurred). fl. light yellowish-white, 
twisted ; lateral sepals —— a long, compressed, horn-lik 
acute body, wrapping round the spur of the emarginate lip; 
column square-winged ; inflorescence usually pendulous, few- 
flowered. l. solitary, thick, lanceolate, acuminate. Pseudo-bulbs 
small, oblong-ligulate. New Grenada, 1871. 
R. lanceolata (lanceolate). A synonym of R. secunda. 
R. Leeana (Lee’s). fl. the size of those of Burlingtonia candida; 
ovary light mauve; upper sepal white, yellowish on mid-line ; 
lateral ones white with yellow mid-line, quite connate; 
ligulate ; äp clawed, — with two long-linear, yellow keels, 
every keel having four s , lateral keels spreading outwards ; 
column white, with numerous mauve spots. J. linear-ligulate, 
acute, 1ft. long. Pseudo-bulbs ancipitous. Native country un- 
certain, 1883, A curious and yery stout species. 
R. Lehmanni (Lehmann’s). fl. whitish-ochre, with a brown 
wash ; odd sepal gibbous-fornicate in the middle; lateral ones 
combined in a narrow, falcate, spur-like organ, with a broad, 
membranous lamina before the apex; petals cuneate-obovate 
emarginate ; lip having a solid, acute spur between the lateral 
sepals, the free part clawed, suddenly enlarged in a blade 
blotched and spotted with cinnamon. New Grenada an 
Ecuador, 1882. (G. C. xix. 403.) 
R. refracta (bent back). fl. of a peculiar yellow-salmon colour, 
few, in a porrect raceme ; dorsal sepal cuneate-obovate, bluntly 
acute, the lateral ones combined into one navicular, narrow body ; 
etals cuneate-obovate ; lip clawed, expanding into an 
blade, having on both sides four or five angular keels. J. of 
pseudo-bulb cuneate-oblong, acute. Peru. (Ref. B. 129.) 
R. secunda (side-flowering). fl. dark rose-colour, disposed in 
a po 0 oo recurved spike, which is longer than the leaves; 
sepals fornicate; petals ovate, obtuse; lip abruptly defiexed. 
l. lanceolate, obliquely emarginate at the a a eo ree 
oval, compressed. h. 6in. Trinidad, 1820. . M. 3524; 
930.) Syns. R. lanceolata (L. B. C: 676), Pleurothallis coccinea 
(H. E. F. 129). ; 
RODS, BONING OR BORNING. These are in- 
valuable instruments in levelling ground, or for deter- 
mining heights in making an incline uniform throughout. 
They are always requisite when laying out new walks or 
edges, levelling turf, &c. There are usually three made, 
straight, and of equal length, about 34ft. or 4ft., and 
provided with cross-pieces, which should be fixed in the 
centre, and at exact right angles. Before Borning Rods 
can be brought into use, it is necessary that two points 
should be fixed, preferably at the extreme ends of the 
ground to be levelled, shuuld these not be too far apart. 
If level pegs are inserted at these points, and two of 
the three Rods allowed to rest on them, as many inter- 
mediate pegs may be inserted as thought desirable 
for guiding workmen. This is done by a third person 
with the other Rod, who drives pegs in as he is directed 
from one of the ends, until all the Rods are in, as 
near as possible, a direct line. The tops of the pegs, 
if the levelling is properly done, should then show all 
inequalities in the soil, and represent themselves either 
a level surface or a uniform incline, according to the 
disposition of the ground and the comparative heights 
of the two fixed points taken at the commencement. 
Boning or Borning Rods of equal length can only be used 
correctly by persons accustomed to them, as the light 
is found most deceiving at a distance. Sometimes, one 
of the Rods is made an inch longer, and a small sight- 
hole pierced through the cross-piece. By using this, it 
is possible to work with more exactness, as a workman 
who might be able to level through a sight-hole might 
not be able to do so correctly were all the Rods made of 
equal length, and no sight-hole pierced. 
RODS, MEASURING. For regulating the distance 
between rows and beds, and for marking out spaces for 
walks between trees, &c., Measuring Rods of some de- 
scription are indispensable. Either 10ft. or 12ft. is a 
handy length; the first foot length should be marked in 
inches, and all the others at intervals of 3in. Straight 
Rods 1łin. square are suitable. 
ROEBUCK BERRY. The fruit of Rubus sazatilis. 
