AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
* 
OF HORTI CULTURE. 
319 
Rosa—continued. 
since their wings are too small to be of use. Hence, 
they can be prevented from reaching the buds to lay 
their eggs in them, if the stems and supports of the 
plants have a belt of any sticky substance (e.g., tar, 
alone or mixed with grease) smeared on them, and occa- 
sionally renewed between November and January, since 
it is at this season that the moths emerge from the 
pup in the soil. 
Among the smaller Moths, a good many species of 
Tortricina (which see) feed in leaves of Roses, either 
joining the leaflets by means of silk threads, or rolling 
them up in tubes, in which the larve live. They may 
either become pupæ in these shelters, or may lower 
themselves, when full-fed, to the soil, in which they 
become pupæ. The larve have the habit of lowering 
themselves by silk threads when the branches are jarred, 
and. advantage may be taken of this habit by placing 
something below to catch them. Among the commoner 
and more harmful are Lozotenia rosana, Pardia tri- 
punctana, Croesia Bergmanniana, and Peronea - varie- 
gana; but a good many others might be named which 
feed on Roses, as well as on other plants. The larve 
of all have much the same habits, and it would occupy 
too much space to proceed here to distinguish them 
from one another. In the large group of moths known 
as Tineina (see Moths), there are a good many that 
live on Roses. Some of these live in the same manner 
as the Tortricina ; but the larve of others, belonging to 
the genera Nepticula, Tischeria, &c., mine between the 
surfaces of the leaflets, and disfigure them with pale, 
wavy lines or blotches. These mines do comparatively 
little injury to the plants. When desirable, the larve 
may be killed in them by pressure between the finger 
and thumb, and the numbers may thus be kept down. 
. The Sawflies (Tenthredinide) are frequently far more 
hurtful than the Moths to Rose-bushes, and the number 
of kinds which, as larve, feed on the leaves of Roses, 
either entirely or partially, is pretty large. For an 
account of these insects, and of the remedies to be em- 
ployed, see Rose Sawflies. | 
Several gall-flies make galls upon the young twigs and 
on the leaves: for an account of these, see Rose Galls, 
Typhlocyba Rose, a small insect nearly related to the 
Frog-hopper (Aphrophora spumaria), is often plentiful 
in all stages on, and is hurtful to, Roses, as well as to 
Apple-trees. Frequently, large numbers of these insects 
are to be found on the lower surfaces of the leaves. 
They are about lin. long, pale yellow or whitish, with 
brown feet; the front wings transparent, rarely yellow 
along the edges; hind wings milky white. The best 
remedy is said to be the removal and burning of all 
superfluous branches in early spring. : 
The flowers are often gnawed and damaged by Beetles ; 
of these, the worst are the Rosechafer (which see), 
and the Bracken Clock (Phyllopertha horticola, see Fig. 
FIG. 385. BRACKEN CLOCK (PHYLLOPERTHA HORTICOLA)—a Foot 
much magnified. 
385), both of which are addicted to eating out the 
stamens and pistils of Roses, Strawberries, fruit-trees, 
&e. P. horticola is peculiarly abundant in the North. 
It is about din. to Fin. long, green or blue, and pubescent, 
with rusty-red or bluish-black wing-cases, and a pitted 
p B. bd. 
. R. canina (canine).* 
Rosa—continued. — 
thorax. Where troublesome, the insects may be shaken 
off the bushes on dull days, and readily captured; on — 
fine days, they are too active to permit of this remedy. — 
ca (Abyssinian). f. white; calyx and peduncles 
downy. June. l, leaflets shortly stalked, broader 
towards the point than at the base; petioles very . with 
unequal glands and bristles. Prickles very numerous strong. — 
Otherwise resembling R. sempervirens. Abyssinia, (L. R. 13.) 
R. acicularis (needle-prickled).* A. pale blush, soli fragrant ; 
calyx tube naked ; sepals somewhat divided, ‘hairy, onger than 
the tube; petals obovate, emarginate, spreading, sho! than 
the sepals; bracts ovate, convex. June. fr. Pa owish-orange, 
obovate. J. dense, opaque, very glaucous; leaflets about seven, 
oval, convex, slightly rugose, — serrated ; stipules narrow ; 
petioles naked or a little hairy. Branches erect, clothed with 
slender, straight prickles and a few bristles. h. 8ft, North tem: 
perate zone, 1805, (L. R. 8.) — 
R. alba (white).* fl. white or delicate blush, gratefully f t: 
sepals pinnate, reflexed. June and July. fr. scarlet or blood- 
— oblong, unarmed. Z., leaflets oblong, glaucous, nearly 
naked above, simply serrated. Prickles nearly straight or falcate, 
slender or strong; bristles none. h. 4ft. to Tft. Of garden 
origin, 1597. Of this plant, which Mr. Baker regards as pro- 
bably a cross between R. canina and R. gallica, there are 
many varieties. 
R. a 
thickly 
R. — (alpine).* f. pink or rose-red, solitary ; sepals undi- 
vided, reie TA petals obcordate, concave; peduncles after 
flowering deflexed, and, as well as the calyx, hispid or smooth. 
June. jr, o e-red, ovate or rarely sub-globose, pendulous, 
more or less elongated. l., leaflets five to eleven, ovate or 
obovate, argutely or doubly serrated. Young stems prickly ; old 
ones usually naked. h. 3ft. Europe, 1683. Of this species there 
are several varieties. R. pendulina is a form with 
calyx and elongated, hispid ——— — 
with calyx and peduncles hispid. (B. M. 6724.) 
R. anserinzefolia (Anserina-leaved). fi. white, in few or many- 
flowered corymbs, shortly pedicellate ; sepals caudate-acuminate, 
deciduous, Summer. fr. smooth, jin. in diameter. J. lin. to 
3in. long; leaflets broadly elliptic, obtuse, — serrated, $in. 
to Zin. long; petioles slender, Branches with few or many un- 
equal, stout, compressed, hooked prickles. A. 10ft. Orient. 
Plant sub-scandent, 
R. arvensis (field-loving). A synonym of R. repens, 
R. Banksize (Lady Banks’).* fl. white and very double, nodding, 
numerous, small, weakly “a pleasantly scented; calyx tube 
hemispherical; sepals entire, pointed ; uncles naked, very 
slender. June. l., leafiets one to five, flat, oblong-lanceolate, 
obtuse, often waved, simply serrated, very hairy at base of middle 
nerve; petioles naked, rarely — Branches unarmed, w 
climbing. h. 20ft. China, 1809. (B.M. 1924; B. R. 397.) 
R. B. lutea (yellow). A yellow-flowered variety. (B. R. 1105.) 
R. berberifolia (Berberis-leaved). A synonym of R. simplicifolia. 
R. blanda (charming).* 1. rose-coloured, one to three ; calyx tube 
and peduncles smooth and — May and June. fr. globose. 
l, leaflets five to seven, oval or oblong, obtuse, pale on both sides 
and minutely aovi or hoary beneath, serrated; stipules large. 
h. lft. to 3ft. North America. Plant nearly unarmed, or with 
scattered, ngi, deciduous prickles. SYNS. R. fraxinifolia 
(B. R. 458), R. Woodsii (B. R. 976, i 
bracteata e-bracted).* Macartney Rose. fi. w large, 
—— a , calyx, as well as the short uncles, densely 
tomentose; bracts large, surrounding the base of the calyx. 
July. L, “ane five E — obovate, sl rant — — 
labrous ; stipules nearly , bristly. Bran | erect, = 
Fona; armed with strong, recurved, okon twin, prickles. h. 2ft. 
China, 1795. i 
htly scabrous). Branches gr A 
scabriuscula (sli 
prickles smaller than in the type, nearly straight. (B. M. 1377, 
- under name of R. bracteata.) 
R. Brunonii (Brown’s), A synonym of R. moschata. 
a ; 
is a form 
Fic, 386. ROSA CANINA. 
Rose. . usuall; — 
Dee y Be ly naked, re- 
solitary, or with many in a cluster ; sepals usuali, 
