AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
333° 
Rudbeckia—continued. 
1803. See Fig. 397. (B. M. 2310; S. E. B. 38.) Syn. Lepachys 
pinnata. 
R. purpurea (purple).* This is the correct name of the plant 
described in this work as Echinacea purpurea. See Fig. 398. 
R. speciosa (showy).* fl.-heads 24in. to 4in. across; ray florets 
orange-coloured, contrasting well with the black-purple disk. 
Summer. 1., lowest ones ovate, strongly ribbed, coarsely toothed, 
borne on slender stalks 6in. to 9in. long ; succeeding ones gradu- 
ally becoming narrower ; uppermost ones sessile. Stems freely 
branched below. h. 2ft. to 3ft. A fine plant. (G. C. n. s., 
xvi. 373.) SYN. R. Newmanii. 
R. triloba (three-lobed). l.-heads small, but numerous and showy ; 
ray florets eight, yellow, Zin. long ; disk blackish-purple. August. 
l., upper ones ovate-lanceolate, sparingly toothed, the lower ones 
three-lobed, tapering at the base, coarsely serrate ; those from 
the root pinnately parted or undivided. h. 2ft. to 5ft. 1699. 
Plant hairy, much-branched. (B. R. 525.) 
RUDDLES. An old name for Marigolds. 
RUDERAL. Growing in waste places or amongst 
rubbish. 
RUDGEA (named in honour of Edward Rudge, an 
English botanist, who published in 1606 “ Plantarum’ 
Guianæ Icones”), ORD. Rubiacee. A genus comprising 
about forty-five species of glabrous or pubescent, stove 
shrubs or small trees, natives of tropical America. 
Flowers mediocre or rather large, paniculate, sessile or 
pedicellate, rarely capitate; calyx tube ovoid or ob- 
conical; limb of five, rarely four, persistent segments or 
parts ; corolla cylindrical or funnel-shaped, the tube 
usually straight and elongated, the throat naked or 
bearded, the limb of five, rarely four, erect or spreading 
lobes; stamens five, or rarely four. Leaves opposite, 
sub-sessile or petiolate, coriaceous; stipules often carti- 
laginous, sometimes thickly coriaceous and inflated. For 
culture of the species best known in gardens, see 
Coffea. ; 
R. macrophylla (large-leaved). A. cream-colour, sessile ; fascicles 
densely clustered in globose heads; corolla segments obtuse ; 
peduncles short. Summer. Z. large, sub-sessile, obovate-oblong, 
narrowed at base. h. 6ft. Brazil, 1867. (B. M. 5653; F. d. 8 
1720; G. C. n. s., xii. 81.) 
vies — Imperfectly developed; incom- 
` plete. 
RUDOLPHIA (named after Charles Asmund Rudolph, 
1771-1832, a botanist of Jena). ORD. Leguminose. A 
genus comprising two or three species of handsome, stove, 
twining herbs, confined to St. Dominga. Flowers red, 
elongated, fasciculate-racemose on axillary peduncles ; 
calyx tubular, the two upper lobes connate, the lateral 
ones smaller; standard oblong, erect, inappendiculate ; 
bracts and bracteoles small, narrow. Leaves one-foliolate, 
stipellate. The two species described below are probably 
not in cultivation. 
R. rosea (rose-coloured). M. scarlet, żin. long, in pedunculate 
racemes. June. Pods pubescent. J., leaflet ovate -oblong, 
glabrous, acuminated. Branches smooth, glabrous. 
R. volubilis (twining). A. scarlet, 14in. long; racemes bearing 
flowers from the base. July. Z. glabrous, cordate-ovate, acumi- 
nate. Branches dotted from tubercles. 1820. 
RUDOLPHG@MERIA. A synonym of Kniphofia 
(which see). 
RUE (Ruta graveolens). A hardy evergreen, somewhat 
shrubby plant, native of Southern Europe, cultivated in 
gardens for its use medicinally ; the leaves emit a 
powerful odour, and have an exceedingly acrid taste. 
The plant grows almost anywhere, but thrives best in 
a partially sheltered and dry situation. Propagation 
may be effected by seeds, sown outside, in spring; and 
by cuttings or rooted slips, taken at the same season, 
and inserted for a time, until well rooted, in a shady 
border. é 
RUE, GOAT’S. See Galega officinalis. 
RUELLIA (named_in honour of John Ruelle, of 
Soissons, 1474-1537, botanist and physician to Francis I. ; 
he published a treatise, ‘‘De Natura Plantarum,” in 1536). 
— 
1 
in any light, rich soil, with stove heat. 
OF HORTICULTURE. 
Ruellia—continued. 
Including Arrhostorylwm, Dipteracanthus, and Stephano- 
physum. ORD. Acanthacee. A genus comprising about 
150 species of stove or greenhouse, pubescent, villous, 
or rarely glabrous, annual or perennial herbs, sub-shrubs, 
or shrubs, mostly American, a few being found in Africa, 
Asia, and Australia. Flowers violet, pale lilac, white, 
red, or rarely yellow or orange, sessile or sub-sessile in 
the axils of the leaves or bracts, sometimes solitary or 
fascicled, sometimes in paniculate cymes; calyx deeply 
five-fid or five-parted; corolla tube straight, incurved, 
or abruptly bent, dilated upwards; limb spreading, very 
oblique or sub-equal, with five ovate or rounded, twisted 
lobes; stamens four, included or exserted. Leaves oppo- 
. site, entire or rarely toothed; bracts often narrow or 
small. The best-known species are described below. 
They are pretty, free-flowering plants, and readily thrive 
Propagation 
may be effected by cuttings, inserted in similar soil, 
under a hand glass. 
R. acutangula (acute-angled). fl. sessile, on axillary peduncles, 
4in. to 6in. long; calyx żin. long; corolla tube lin. long, slightly 
curved; limb bright orange-scarlet, yellow at the throat, 2in. 
in diameter. May. l Sin. to 8in. long, elliptic-ovate, acuminate, 
narrowed into the petiole, with many nerves sunk in the surface. 
Branches obtusely quadrangular. Brazil, A large herb or under- 
shrub. (B, M. 6382.) _ 
R. "TES (Dr. Pant f ar — in a —— 
panicle, composed of many-flowered, opposite racemes or spikes ; 
corolla scarlet, over 2in. long, tubular-nfundibuliform, inflated 
or ventricose in the middle. Winter. J. in opposite pairs, 
sometimes more than Qin. long, including the petiole, ovate- 
lanceolate, acuminate, attenuated at base. A. 3ft. West ý 
1858. Sub-shrub. (B. M. 5111, under name of Stephanophysum 
Baikiei.) ; 
R. ciliatiflora (fringe-fiowered). A. purplish-blue, handsome, 
two to four or six rat a terminal, —— panicle ; corolla lin. 
across, the tube about the same length ; margins of limb beauti- 
fully dentate-ciliate. September. J. opposite, ovate, petiolate, 
the margins unequally serrate, more or less hairy ; lower ones 
more so, and the largest. Stem herbaceous, pubescent-scabrous. 
k. 2ft. Buenos Ayres, 1838, (B. M. 3718.) 
R. Devosiana (Devos’). fl. white, axillary; corolla tube sud- 
denly dilated and bent at the middle. Z. lanceolate, distantly 
toothed, deep green above, with the course of the veins whitish, 
entirely purple beneath. Stems purple. Brazil, 1877. Sub- 
shrub. A very effective foliage plant. (B. H. 1877, 19.) 
R. elegans (elegant), of Hooker. A synonym of R, latebrosa, 
R. formosa (beautiful). A. on axillary, alternate, straight pe- 
duncles, two = three times longer than the leaves ; pes to 
scarlet, showy; tube lin. long; two upper lobes of limb con- 
joined half-way up. Summer. l. opposite, ovate, more or less 
ointed, rounded at the base, cove on both sides with short 
airs ; petioles not half as long as the leaves. A. 2ft. Brazil, 
1808. Shrub. (B. M. 1400.) 
R. Herbstii (Herbst’s).* fl. three to five together, Sin. long; 
calyx red-purple, gin. long; corolla pale rose-purple, abruptly 
bent ; limb of five white, patent or recurved, bilobed divisions. 
September. J. deep dull green, the — ones of a dull — 
purple beneath, 5in. to 7in. long, Iain. to 2in. broad, lanceolate, 
acuminate, obscurely sinuated, serrated. A. 3ft. Brazil, 1859. 
An erect shrub or sub-shrub. (B. M. 5156, under name of 
Dipteracanthus Herbstii.) 
R; latebrosa (secret). Jl, corolla salver-shaped; tube white, 
purplish upwards, curved ; limb very bright blue, of five emargi- 
nate lobes. Summer. 4. opposite, pubescent, ovate, acuminate, 
coarsely serrated, — gradually into a footstalk nearly 
equalling the leaf in length; those at the tips of the branches 
reduced to sessile bracts. h. 2ft. East Indies, 1834. Annual. 
(B. M. 3389, under name of R. elegans.) 
ongifolia (long-leaved). . vermilion; corolla segments 
— July. f oblong-lanceolate or oblong, attenuated at both 
ends, repand or repand-denticulate. A. 2ft. to 3ft. Brazil, 
1820. A glabrous, perennial herb. 
R. macrantha (large-flowered). f. of a rosy-purple colour, with 
a light, perenras throat, trumpet-shaped, large, axillary. 
l. long-lanceolate. 1883. A handsome, decorative shrub. (R. H. 
1881, p. 410.) z 
macrophylla (large-leaved).* l. handsome, sub-secund, in 
— di trichotomous panicles ; corolla bright scarlet, 2in. to 
3in. long, the tube curved, broader upwards, but laterally com- 
ressed ; limb e; lobes soon refiexed. Summer. Z. o 
—— 2 acumina inerved, — — 
te, 
ins sinuated or indistinctly toothed, puberulous. 
Kew Grenada, Mexico, &c., 1844. Plant shrubby below, her- 
above. (B. M. 4448 and B. R. xxxii. 7, under name of 
Stemonacanthus macrophyllus.) 
