AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
343 
OF HORTICULTURE. 
Sagræa—continued. 
tion from the introduced species is here presented. For 
culture, see Melastoma. 
S. hirsuta (hairy). M. white; petals ovate, acute; peduncles 
axillary, trifid. May. fr. dark purple, hairy. l. oblong-lanceo- 
late, acuminate, denticulated, densely hairy on the nerves 
beneath ; petioles (as well as the peduncles and calyces) bristly, 
slightly purplish, hirsute. A. 6ft. 1823. 
S. sessiliflora (sessile-fiowered). A. red; crowded in the axils, 
sub-sessile; petals oval, obtuse. April. Z. sub-sessile, oval, 
acuminate, crenulated, seven-nerved, ciliated, densely bristly- 
pilose above, villous-hairy beneath. Branches terete, densely- 
rufous-hairy. h. 4ft. 1793. 
S. umbrosa (shade-loving). fl. red; petals obovate; panicles 
axillary, loosely trichotomous, slightly hispid, as long as the 
petioles. March. J. broadly ovate, acuminate, serrulated, 
—— l — pilose on the nerves; petioles l}in. long. 
SAGRÆA (of Naudin). A synonym of Ossea (which 
see). 
SAGUERUS. A synonym of Arenga. p 
— (in part). A synonym of Metroxylon (which 
see). . 
ST. ANDREW’S CROSS. See Ascyrum Crux- 
Andrez. 
ST. BARBARA’S HERB. A common name for 
Barbarea vulgaris. 
ST. DABEOC’S HEATH. See Dabeecia polifolia. 
SAINTFOIN. See Onobrychis sativa. 
ST. JOHN’S BREAD. A common name for Cera- 
tonia Siliqua. 
ST. JOHN’S WORT. See Hypericum perforatum. 
ST. JOSEPH’S LILY. See Lilium candidum. 
ST. MARTIN’S FLOWER. A common name for 
Alstræmeria pulchra. 
ST. MARTIN'S HERB. Se Sauvagesia 
erecta 
ST. MARY’S WOOD. A common name for Calo- 
phyllum inophyllum. : 
ST. PATRICE’S CABBAGE. See Saxifraga 
A name applied to 
umbrosa. 
ST. PETERS WORT. 
Ascyrum stans, Hypericum Ascyron, Primula officinalis, 
and the genus Symphoricarpus. 
SALACCA. See Zalacca. 
SALACIA (a mythological name after Salacia, wife 
of Neptune). Including Anthodon and Johnia. ORD. 
Celastrineæ. A large genus (sixty to seventy species) 
of climbing or sarmentose, stove shrubs or small trees, 
inhabiting the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Asia, 
Africa, and America. Flowers usually axillary, on short 
branchlets, fascicled or cymose, rarely solitary or binate, 
sometimes paniculate; calyx small, five-parted; petals 
five, spreading, imbricated; stamens three, very rarely 
two or four. Fruita one to three-celled berry, occasionally 
large, edible. Leaves generally opposite, petiolate, cori- 
aceous, shining above, entire or crenate-serrate, exstipulate. 
The majority of the species are of no great beauty, and 
are only worth growing in botanical collections. Those 
usually seen in gardens are described below. They 
thrive in sandy loam, and may be propagated by ripened 
cuttings, inserted in sand, under a glass, in heat. 
x inos - like) nish - yellow, smali; 
Be laity can aea LETI — about 
the size and shape of a small cherry. J. serrate. East Indies, 
1820. Climber. Syn. Johnia coromandeliana. 
sS. ormis (Pear - shaped). fl. greenish-yellow, small; 
uncles axillary, one-flowered, aggregate. June. „fr. about 
the size of a Bergamot Pear, with a very sweet taste. l. oblong, 
Slightly toothed. h. 5ft. Upper Guinea, 1825. Shrub. 
> Roxburghii (Roxburgh’s). fi. orange-coloured, small; 
peduncles axillary, one-flowered. June. fr. dull red, two or 
three-seeded, with white pulp. l. broad-lanceolate, entire. R, 4ft. 
Chittagong, 1822, A small Syn. Johnia salacioides, 
See Burnet and Poterium 
SALAD BURNET. 
Sanguisorba. 
SALADS. Plants for these are in daily request, and 
it is therefore important to maintain a supply all the 
year round, so far as circumstances admit. Lettuces 
stand first as Salad plants; they should always be well 
blanched when sent to table. Endive is invaluable in 
autumn and winter. Mustard and Cress may be obtained 
ready for use in about a week at almost any time of 
year, if a little heat is at command. Other plants 
which enter more or less into the composition of Salads 
are: Beet, Chervil, Chicory, Chives, Radishes, Tarragon, 
and Tomatoes, Details of the culture of these plants 
may be found under their several headings. 
SALAL OR SALLON-SHRUB. A common name 
for Gaultheria Shallon. 
SALDANHA, A synonym of Hillia (which see). 
SALICINEZ:. A natural order of trees or shrubs, 
chiefly inhabiting Northern temperate and frigid regions, 
a few being natives of South Africa and South America. 
Flowers dicecious, disposed in catkin-like spikes or rarely 
racemes, each furnished with a membranous, entire or 
lobed bract ; perianth replaced by a glandular or urceolate 
disk; stamens of the male flowers two or numerous, 
inserted on the centre of the torus; ovary of the females 
sessile or shortly stipitate; style short or very short, 
two or four-fid. Capsule ovoid or oblong, usually acu- 
minate, dehiscing in two to four valves at the base. 
Leaves alternate, entire, serrulated, toothed. or rarely 
lobed, penniveined or three-nerved, deciduous; stipules 
free, scaly and deciduous, or foliaceous and leafy. The 
only two genera—Populus and Salix—contribute some 
ornamental subjects to our gardens. Most of the species 
possess astringent and bitter principles. Poplar wood, 
although soft, is valued for its lightness; while that of 
several species of Salix, particularly the Osier (S. pur- 
purea, S. viminalis, and S. vitellina), is in great demand 
by basket-manufacturers, coopers, and gardeners. The 
number of species comprised in Salicinee is estimated, 
by various authors, at between 150 and 300. 
SALICORNIA (from sal, salt, and cornu, a horn; 
alluding to the economical products and the horn-like 
branches of the plants). Glasswort; Marsh Samphire. 
ORD. Chenopodiacee. A small genus (about eight species) 
of greenhouse or hardy, annual or perennial, leafless, sea- 
shore herbs, broadly dispersed. Flowers in terminal, 
short or elongated, cylindrical spikes. 8S. herbacea (Crab 
Grass) and S. radicans represent the genus in Britain. 
“The various species of this genus, as well as others 
belonging to the same family, and growing abundantly on 
the coasts in the South of Europe and North of Africa, 
yield a vast quantity of soda, much employed in making 
both soap and glass, whence comes the English. name 
Glasswort” (Hooker and Arnott). The ashes of these 
and allied plants were formerly imported under the name 
of Barilla; but since the introduction of Le Blanes pro- - 
cess for obtaining soda from common salt, Barilla has 
not been much used. The species have no horticultural 
value. 
SALIGOT. An old name for Trapa nutans 
(which see.) 
. These are contrasted with 
farmyard Manures and others that contain abundant 
organic matter, i.e., remains of animals and of plants. The 
Saline Manures, consisting of mineral substances, are 
compounds or “salts” of various metals. They differ 
widely in composition, some being made up of one mineral 
substance alone, others being compounds of several, 
mixed naturally or artificially. The artificial Manures 
are largely employed on farms, and, to some extent, in 
gardens, to improye the crops either in quantity or in 
quality. They differ much in their mode of action: 
