360 _ THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Sarcanthus—continued. 
small, —— in an erect, racemose panicle 14ft. long. 1. 6in. 
long. India, 1878. A plant of no particular merit. 
S. paniculatus (panicled). fl. yellowish; sepals and petals 
marked with two blood-coloured stripes, linear-oblong, un- 
dulated ; blade of lip two-horned ; spur straight ; spike pani- 
culate. Z. long-lorate, obignely bilobed and obtuse at apex. 
China. SYN. Aërides paniculatum (B. R. 220). 
S. Parishii (Parish’s). A. yellow, with a rose-coloured lip, 
small, produced in slender spikes. Z. lorate, T tipped. 
Moulmein, 1861. An inconspicuous plant. (B. M. 521 3 
S. rostratus (beaked). fi. borne in a simple, horizontal spike 
equalling the leaves; sepals and petals yellowish-green, with 
sanguineous margins ; lip violet, produced into a beak. J. lan- 
ceolate, acute, flat, sub-recurved. China, 1824. (L. C. B. 39B.) 
S. striolatus (slightly striated). fl, pepan and petals orange- 
—— with — — ee ae ea bars b — 
part of the spur w , the upper part o: e lip orange. ilip- 
pine Islands, 1882. 
S, succisus (lo -off). fl., sepals and petals yellowish-green, 
le in the middle, obtuse $ lip_yellow, blood-coloured at apex ; 
yolks simple, horizontal or deflexed, longer than the leaves. 
n ia ng, slightly undulated, præmorse. China, 1824, (B. R. 
S. teretifolius (terete-leaved). fl., sepals and petals yellowish- 
» marked with sanguineous veinings, obtuse, reflexed ; lip 
white, the margins of the throat violet; spur straight, obtuse, 
ubescent within ; — simple, horizontal, equalling the leaves. 
terete. China, 1819. (B. M. 3571.) Syn. Vanda teretifolia 
le C.. B. 6). 
S. Williamsonii (Williamson’s). fl. of a pretty amethyst-colour, 
poned in spreading icles. J. pale green, terete. Assam. 
1 An elegant little plant, resembling a diminutive Vanda- 
teres. 
SARCOCAPNOS (from sarz, sarkos, flesh, and 
Kapnos, the Greek name for Fumitory; the species have 
fleshy leaves). ORD. Papaveracee. A small genus (four 
species) of hardy, dwarf, tufted, perennial herbs, in- 
habiting the Spanish Peninsula or North Africa. Flowers 
white, yellow, or purplish ; sepals two, scale-like ; petals 
four, erecto-connivent, one of the two outer ones spurred 
at base, the other flat, the inner ones narrow and 
cohering at’apex; stamens six; racemes terminal, few- 
flowered. Leaves dissected; segments usually broad and 
rather thick. 8S. enneaphylla, the only species intro- 
duced, thrives in the open border or on rockwork. Tt 
3 may be readily increased by seeds, or by cuttings. 
S. enneaphylla (nine-leaved). jl. yellow, marked with purplish 
above, small, in short racemes of about ten. June. J. tri- 
ternately parted, on long, slender petioles; leaflets roundish- 
ovate, ti rdate at base, mucronulate at apex, the 
terminal one usually larger. Stems 2in. to 5in. high, slender, 
suffruticose at base, Southern Europe, &c., 1714. 
SARCOCARP. The fleshy or succulent portion of 
a drupe, lying between the epicarp and endocarp. The 
term is sometimes used to generally indicate a baccate 
fruit. 
SARCOCARPON. A synonym of Kadsura (which 
see). 
SARCOCAULON (from sarv, sarkos, flesh, and 
caulon, a stem; alluding to the fleshy stems). ORD. 
Geraniacee. A genus comprising three species of divari- 
cately-branched, fleshy or succulent, rigid, greenhouse 
herbs or sub-shrubs, armed with spines formed out of 
persistent and hardened petioles; they are confined to 
South Africa. Flowers purple, on axillary, one flowered 
peduncles; sepals five, imbricated ; , petals five, hypo- 
gynous, imbricated; stamens fifteen. Leaves small, on 
the spinous petioles, or tufted or solitary in the axils 
of the thorns. The species thrive best in a compost 
of loam, peat, and leaf mould or sand. Propagation may 
be readily effected by young cuttings, inserted in sand, 
under a glass; or by cuttings of the roots, 
S. Burmanni (Burmann’s). fl. l}in. to Qin. broad ; petals twice 
as long as the mucronate sepals; stamens five long and ten 
shorter. May. l. obovate-cuneate, Jin. to Jin. long, inciso- 
crenate, glabrous or downy, fleshy, on short petioles. h. lft. 
1800. (B. M. 5729.) oid gi 
S. L’Heretieri (L'Heritier’s). A. petals not much exceeding the 
cuspidate, attenuated sepals. May. l. obovate or obcordate, 
acute or obtuse, entire, glabrous. +. lft. 1790. This is often 
confounded with S. Patersoni. 
Sarcocaulon—continued. 
S. Patersoni (Paterson’s). jl. smaller than in either of the other 
species; petals not twice as long as the obtuse, mucronate 
sepals. May. Z. cuneate or obcordate, obtuse or mucronulate, 
entire, glabrous. h. 2ft. 1827. - 
SARCOCEPHALUS (from sarr, sarkos, flesh, and 
kephale, a head; alluding to the fleshy heads of fruit). 
Guinea Peach. Syn. Cephalina. ORD. Rubiacew. A 
genus comprising about eight species of stove shrubs or 
trees, sometimes climbing, with terete or obtusely quadri- 
gonal branchlets; they inhabit tropical Asia, Africa, and 
Australia. Flowers white or yellow ; calyx limb truncate, 
obscurely five or six-toothed ; corolla tubular-infundibuli- 
form, the limb of five or six rounded lobes; heads terminal 
and axillary, pedunculate, sometimes paniculate, ebrac- 
teate. Fruit globose, one-celled. Leaves opposite, pe- 
tiolate, sub-coriaceous; stipules interpetoliar, mediocre 
and triangular or ample and obovate, deciduous. S. escu- 
lentus is an interesting, climbing shrub, seldom seen 
in collections. It should be grown in a compost of loam, 
peat, and sand. Cuttings will root, if inserted in sand, 
under a glass, in heat. 8. cordatus requires similar 
treatment. 
S. cordatus (heart-shaped). fl. yellow, in dense, globular heads 
above lin. in diameter without the styles; corolla about jin. long. 
May. l. broadly ovate, obtuse, rounded, cuneate, or broadly 
heart-shaped at base, 4in. to 10in. long, sometimes softly pubescent 
beneath ; stipules large, quickly deciduous. A. 10f¢. or more. 
Australia and India, 1820. A handsome tree. Syn. Nauclea 
coadunata. — 
S. esculentus (edible). Guinea, Negro, or Sierra Leone Peach. 
ji. pinkish, in short, terminal, pedunculate or sessile heads. 
July. fr. in heads the size of a peach. l shortly petiolate, 
roundish-oval, shining above, pubescent in the axils of the veins 
beneath ; stipules solitary, triangular. A tall tree, sometimes a 
scandent shrub, about 20ft. high. Sierra Leone, 1822 
SARCOCHILUS (from sarz, sarkos, flesh, and 
cheilos, a lip; alluding to the fleshy lip). Syns. Den- 
drocolla, Thrizspermum. Including Camarotis, Gunnia, 
Micropera, and Ornitharium. ORD. Orchidee. A genus 
embracing some thirty species of stove, epiphytal, cau- 
lescent, not pseudo-bulbous orchids, natives of the East 
Indies, the Malayan Archipelago, the Pacific Islands, 
and Australia. Flowers mediocre or small (in S. Calceolus 
showy); sepals and petals spreading, the lateral sepals 
often more or less adnate to the foot of the column ; 
lip without a spur, three-lobed, the lateral lobes petaloid 
or tooth-like, the middle one variable, fleshy ; column 
erect; pollen masses two, globose, or four more or less 
connate in a pair; peduncles lateral, simple or rarely 
branched. Leaves coriaceous or fleshy, oblong or linear, 
distichous, or sometimes very few or deficient. “In 
many respects, the genus resembles Dendrobium, but 
differs much from it in the form of the pollen masses, 
in their attachment to a candicle, and in the seed cap- 
sule and seed” (Fitzgerald). The two species of this 
genus most common in gardens are S. Fitzgeraldi and 
S. Hartmanni. These ‘should be grown in a green- 
house temperature, along with such plants as Odonto- 
glossum citrosmum. They like a moist atmosphere, sub- 
dued light, and plenty of water at the root always. 
Peat and sphagnum are the best mixture for them. 
The species known in gardens are here described. 
2 slipper-like). fl. ite ; petals ` 
Soblong, acute: middie ibe of in aiae aa petala Seay, 
the lateral lobes ascending, triangular ; peduncles short, two- 
flowered. Z. oblong, fleshy, eat emarginate, obtuse. Stem 
elongated. Manilla, 1844. (B. R. 846, 19.) 
S. cochinchinensis (Cochin China). Paa yellowish, glutinous ; 
sepals striped with brown over the middle nerves ou ide, and 
with some dark yellow patches under the column ; racemes small. 
l. rather narrow, linear-ligulate, bilobed at apex. Cochin China, 
1877. SYN. Camarotis cochinchinensis. 
. falcatus (sickle-shaped). fl. white. usually three or four, 
distant ; lateral sepals adnate to the rojections of the 
column ; peduncles scarcely exceeding, sometimes shorter than, 
the leaves. Z. oblong, often falcate, 2in. to 4in. long. Stems 2in. 
1832.) 
to 3in. high. Australia, 1821. (B. R. 
S. Fitzgeraldi (Fitzgerald’s).* fl. snowy-white, spotted with rich 
lake x maroon ; lip not half the length of the —5 the lateral 
