AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
Sarracenia—continwed. 
greenish with dark purple ribs and veins; lamina broadly reni- 
form, undulated, reticulated with reddish-purple. Parents: 
S. Drummonditi alba and S. flava. i 
S. Williamsi (Williams’) * Z. quite erect, rather short, funnel- 
shaped, constricted a short distance below the apex, green, ribbed 
with deep purplish-crimson ; wing veined with purplish-crimson ; 
lamina very broad and full, cordate-reniform, strongly marked by - 
trichotomous ribs, united by smaller veins, the inside more closely 
reticulated with deep purplish-crimson. A very distinct and 
striking hybrid between S. purpurea and S. flava. 
SARRACENIACEZ. A very small natural order 
of curious, perennial. herbs, inhabiting turfy, spongy 
bogs in America. Flowers solitary or few, large, 
racemose, nodding; sepals four or five, free, hypo- 
gynous, closely imbricated from the base, sub-petaloid, 
persistent; petals five, free, hypogynous, imbricated, 
deciduous, or (in MHeliamphora) wanting; stamens 
numerous, hypogynous, free; filaments filiform; anthers 
two-celled; scapes naked or few-bracted. Leaves all 
radical, with a tubular or amphora-shaped petiole 
(pitcher); blade (lid) small, rounded, usually lying on 
the orifice of the petiole. “Sarracenia rubra has been 
vaunted in Canada as a specific against small-pox, but - 
has not proved such. The pitcher-shaped leaves are 
effective insect traps; a sugary secretion exudes at the 
mouth of the pitcher, and attracts the insects, which 
descend lower in the tube, where they meet with a belt 
of reflexed hairs, which facilitate their descent into a 
watery fluid that fills the bottom of the cavity, and at 
the same time prevents their egress” (Le Maotit and 
Decaisne). The order embraces three genera—Darling- 
tonia, Heliamphora, and Sarracenia—and eight species. 
SARSAPARILLA. A name applied to the roots 
of several plants, more especially those of certain species 
of Smilax. 
SASHES. Any framework in a glass structure, in 
which glass is embedded, whether fixed to the rafters 
or not, might be called a Sash, but the term is most 
generally used in reference to glazed frames which open 
for purposes of ventilation in a house, or are used on 
pits, &c., where they may be kept on or pulled off, as 
considered requisite. : 
Sashes. In houses of moderni construction, most ven- 
tilating Sashes are made to open by means of iron 
gearing and levers, an arrangement which is much to be 
commended for its easy and effectual mode of working. 
SASSAFRAS (from Sassafras, the Spanish word for 
Saxifrage, like virtues to which plant it was supposed 
to possess). ORD. Laurinew. A monotypic genus. The 
species is an ornamental, hardy, deciduous tree, with 
spicy-aromatic bark, and very mucilaginous twigs and 
foliage. In Virginia, a kind of beer is manufactured 
from the young shoots; other parts of the tree are of 
economical value, the oil extracted from the fruits 
being used by perfumers. The tree is frequently grown 
in this country; it is remarkable for the variety it ex- 
hibits in the shape and size of its leaves. For culture, 
Åc., see Laurus. : 
S. officinale (officinal). Sassafras-tree. fl. greenish-yellow, 
shortly and loosely racemose; perianth tube very short, the 
limb segments six (Sometimes variously abnormal); bracts small, 
narrow; racemes nearly umbelliform, shortly pedunculate. 
April. Z. alternate, membranous, penniveined, ovate, entire, or 
some of them three-lobed, soon glabrous. h. 15ft. to 0ft. 
Eastern United States, 1633. (B. M. Pl 220; T. S. M. 360.) 
Syn. Laurus Sassafras. : 
SASSAFRAS, CALIFORNIAN. ‘ee Umbellu- 
laria californica. 
SASSAFRAS, SWAMP. 
Magnolia glauca. ‘ 
SASSAFRAS, TASMANIAN. A name applied 
to Atherosperma moschata. 
SASSAFRAS-TREE. Sec Sassafras officinale. 
SATIN FLOWER. See Sisyrinchium. 
SATIN MOTH. See Liparis. 
A common name for 
These latter are called movable — 
OF HORTICULTURE. — 
| Syn. Diplecthrum. 
SATINWOOD-TREE. See Chloroxylon Swie- 
SATIVUS. Cultivated. fee 
SATUREIA (the old Latin name used by Pliny). 
Orv. Labiatw. A genus comprising about fourteen species — 
of highly aromatic, hardy herbs or under-shrubs; one is 
a native of Florida, and the rest inhabit the Mediter-. 
ranean region. Flowers whorled; calyx five-toothed or 
very obscurely bilabiate; corolla tube equalling the 
calyx or bracteoles, the limb bilabiate; stamens four, 
distant. Leaves small, entire, often fascicled; floral and 
-cauline ones conformed, or the uppermost ones reduced 
to small bracts. Several species have been introduced, 
but only two call for notice here, The leaves of both 
are employed, like other sweet herbs, for seasoning, in 
cookery. “Both species were noticed by Virgil as being 
among the most fragrant of herbs, and on this account 
were recommended to be grown near bee-hives. Vinegar, 
flavoured with Savory and other aromatic herbs, was 
as much used by the ancient Romans as Mint-sauc? is 
at the present day with us” (Lindley and Moore). 
S. hortensis (garden), Summer Savory. fl. pale lilac, small, 
‘axillary, on short pedivels ; common peduni es three- 
A pubescent annual. 0 Savo 
(mountain). Winter Savo) 
linear, and ones 
—— Rep 
nde (S. F. G. 543.) See also Savory, Winter. a 
: SATYRIUM (Satyrion was the name given b; 
Dioscorides to one of the Orchids, from saturos, a 
satyr; alluding to supposed aphrodisiacal properties). 
Orv. Orchidee. A rather large 
genus (nearly fifty species have been described) of 
- stove, greenbouse, or half-hardy, terrestrial, tuberous- 
rooted orchids, inhabiting the East Indies, the Masca- — 
rene Islands, and, for the most part, Southern and 
tropical Africa. Flowers mediocre or rather large, 
rarely small, in dense spikes; sepals and petals free, 
much spreading or reflexed; lip sessile at the base of 
the column, broad, concave, galeate, or ecueullate, un- 
divided, double-spurred, or bisaccate; bracts membranous 
or somewhat leafy. Leaves few on the lower part of 
the stem, rarely many at the sides of a tall stem. 
Tuber undivided. The species in cultivation are de- 
seribed below. Most of them will succeed admirably 
in a cold frame, in a compost of turfy peat, fibry loam, 
and sand, with plenty of drainage. S. ciliatum and 
S. nepalense thrive under similar treatment as regards 
post, but require a greenhouse temperature. Propa- 
— may ‘be effected by division of the roots, made as 
h wth is commencing. Except where otherwise 
—— the under-mentioned species are South African. 
(golden).* jl. deep orange-colour, shaded with rich 
1 August, and continuing in perfection a 
~~ itt, or poe: 1842. A fine plant. (P. M. B. 
candi ite). fl. white, very sweetly aromatic ; sepals 
S r, ———— smaller, ascending, recurved at apex ; 
lip inflated, obtuse. September. l twin, somewhat roundish- 
—— glabrous. A. sometimes 1)ft. — cae 
carneum (flesh- loured). Jl- white, suffused wi sh-e $ 
— ——— arin —— — S pere 
ed: se-margined. June. l pal, : i 
— — leafy, cucullate. A. lift. 1797. (B. M. 
u t o a pt * inkish-white ; sepals linear narrower 
8.6 Hatum Rosa ae : lip aleate, the spurs very short; bracts 
* long, leafy; spike oval, imbricated. August. l ovate- 
lanceolate, erect. Himalayas, 1 i 
coriifolium (leathery-leaved).* f yellow ; sepals and petal 
S. btuse, glabrous, shorter than the orbicular lip; r 
‘¢ylindrical, obtuse, ed within ; — ro. —— 
. obl -lanceo acute, ‘ 
- few-flowered. October. 1. oblong: h Ift. i820. (B. 
2i’ 
À, ns, i 
scaly sebrang om ie tame A ount 
latum.) : 
