10 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Tauscheria—continued. 
species is a small, erect, branched, hardy annual, in- 
habiting Central Asia and North India, and having small 
yellow flowers and entire leaves. It has no horticultural 
value. 
TAVERNIERA (named in honour of J. B. Tavernier, 
1605-89, a celebrated traveller in the Levant). ORD. 
Leguminose. A small genus (seven species have been 
described as such, but the number may be reduced to 
three or four) of greenhouse, canescent or glabrous under- 
shrubs, natives of the East Indies and the Orient. Flowers 
pink or white, few in axillary, pedunculate racemes ; calyx 
teeth sub-equal, or the two upper ones more remote; 
standard broadly orbicular, narrowed at base, scarcely 
clawed; bracts minute or caducous. Pods flattened, inde- 
hiscent. Leaves few, one-foliolate or pinnately trifoliolate ; 
leaflets often obovate or orbicular ; stipules scarious. Two 
species have been introduced. For culture, see Des- 
um, 
Tide oer A pantie, Sell Gk Angas, Pe, pan bench 
with stiff bristles, which are hooked at the apex. J. trifoliolate ; 
leaflets fleshy, obcordate, villous. Stems procumbent, branched, 
varicate, terete. Arabia Felix, 1820. 
T. nummularia (Moneywort). East Indian Moneywort. fl. red, 
glabrous, gin. to 4in, long ; racemes few or many-flowered, usually 
exc ng the leaves. June and July. J. shortly petiolate, 
usually trifoliolate ; leaflets jin. to lin. long, obovate-oblong or 
nearly round, thick, thinly canescent beneath; stipules x 
Branches copious. h. lft. to 2ft. India, Afghanistan, Orient, 
TAWNY. See Fulvous. 
TAXANTHEMA. A synonym of Statice (which 
see). : 
TAXEZ. A tribe of Conifere. 
TAXODIUM (from Taxus, the Yew, and eidos, 
resemblance; referring to the similarity in the leaves). 
Deciduous Cypress. Syns. Cuprespinnata, Glyptostrobus, 
Schubertia (of Mirbel). ORD. Conifere. A small genus 
> (three species) of ornamental, loosely-branched, hardy or 
half-hardy trees, natives of North America, Mexico, and 
* China. Flowers moneecious; the males in compound, pyra- 
midal spikes; the females two or three together near the 
spike of male flowers. Leaves deciduous or partly per- 
sistent, alternate, sub-spirally affixed, sometimes linear, 
distichous, and spreading, rarely small, appressed, scale- 
like. Cones hard, globose or ovoid; scales contracted and 
stipitate at base, woody at apex. Branchlets spreading or 
pendulous. The Deciduous Cypress is universally employed, 
throughout the United States, for making the best kind 
of shingles; and in Louisiana itis used for almost every 
other purpose to which timber can be applied. “The 
: roots of large trees, particularly in situations subject to 
inundations, become covered with conical protuberances, 
commonly from 1}ft. to 2ft. high, and sometimes from 
4ft. to 5ft. in thickness; they are always hollow... . 
They are made use of by the natives of the Southern 
States for beehives” (Loudon). In England, however, 
these protuberances, or “knees,” are rarely produced. 
Perhaps the specimen showing them most perfectly is 
in the Syon House gardens. Being semi-aquatic, positions 
on the banks of rivers, and amidst marshes and swamps, 
are highly suitable to T. distichum. All the species 
thrive in a moist soil. Propagation may be effected by 
cuttings, "eg the leaves intact, inserted in a vessel of 
egg E w. they will root in a few weeks; by layers ; 
T. distichum (two-ranked).* Bald, Black, Deciduous, or White 
in 
very bunches. May. Z in two rows, flat, rather distant, 
to a sharp in. long, one line hi prom! 
= ease. bo lull red. cones rounded or roundish- 
ovate, ro ge bearer honta SEE ; scales thick, dull brown. 
Fone mes # » h tal or ascending at the ends, the 
; branchlets very slender, elegantly 
Taxodium—continued. 
pinnate. h. 120ft. United States, 1640. The following are 
varieties : 
T, d. denudatum (denuded). Branches slender, long, hori- 
zontal or drooping towards the ends, irregularly and little 
divided ; branchlets fringed with scattered, variable, unequally- 
distant leaves. 
T. d. fastigiatum (pyramidal). J. two-rowed, resembling those 
of the species. Branches short, erect, slightly spreading at the 
top. A very distinct-looking, conical-pyramidal, small tree. 
T. d. microphyllum (small-leaved).* 7. shorter than in the type, 
distichous, somewhat imbricated, ovate-lanceolate. Branchlets 
erect, = or ascending. Syn. Glyptostrobus pendulus 
(B. M. )- 
T, d. nanum (dwarf). Branches numerous, almost horizontal, 
short. This variety resembles the type, but is readily distin- 
ishable by its very small dimensions, forming a very compact 
- bush, 10ft. to 12ft. high. 
T. heterophyllum (variable-leaved). Embossed Cypress. 1. 
variable, alternate, some scale-formed, small, ovate, acute or 
obtuse, sometimes much longer, closely pressed and decurrent 
along the shoots, sometimes two-rowed, regularly tortuous, and 
almost awl-shaped, three to Lg lines long. cones terminal, 
egg-shaped or oblong-cylindrical. Branches rising upwards and 
aga at the summits; branchlets alternate. h. 8ft. to 10ft. 
na. 
T. mexicanum (Mexican). A synonym of T. mucronatum. 
T, mucronatum (mucronate-scaled). Montezuma Cypress. l. 
linear, pointed, nearly evergreen, two-rowed, straight, flat, taper- 
ing to a point, slenderer than in T. distichum. cones rather large, . 
with the scales strongly mucronate. Branches spreading, slender. 
h. 120ft. Mexico. This species is too tender for the English 
climate ; it may be readily distinguished from T. distichum by its 
sub-persistent leaves. Syn. T. mexicanum. 
TAXUS (the old Latin name for the Yew, used by 
Virgil and Pliny, akin to Greek Tagos of Dioscorides). 
Yew. Syn. Veratarus. ORD. Conifere. A genus com- 
prising six or eight species (probably varieties of one) 
of hardy, evergreen trees, rarely shrubs, broadly dispersed 
over North temperate regions. Flowers diwcious; males 
Fig. 8. MONŒCIOUS BRAaNCHLET OF TAXUS BACCATA, showing— 
m, Clusters of Male Flowers; f, Fruits almost fully grown, 
with the arillus almost concealing the seed; f’, a Young 
Fruit, in which the arillus only half conceals the seed; A 
Gall of Yew Gall-midge (Cecidomyia Taxi), consisting of the 
swollen terminal bud, resembling a cone of green leaves, 
among which the larvæ live. 
solitary in the axils, sub-sessile ; female catkins axillary, 
sessile, one (or very rarely two?) flowered. Fruit soli- 
tary, one-seeded: Leaves sub-spirally affixed, usually 
distichous-spreading, very shortly petiolate, linear, flat, 
often faleate. “The Yew is of geological antiquity; it 
formed part of the forests of Britain at a period long 
