Testacella—continued. 
slender, so as to pass easily along the burrows. On the 
hinder part of the back is a small, depressed, ear-shaped 
shell, about jin. long, which protects the rear of the 
animal when in the burrows. ‘This external shell at 
once distinguishes these animals from the true Slugs, 
which do mischief in gardens. Two species are known 
in England. 
T. haliotidea is dirty-yellow, with brown specks, rarely 
pale yellow, sometimes entirely black ; when extended, it 
is about three inches long. It is said to swallow the 
worms alive. This species is known to occur in many 
localities in the South of England, and has been found 
as far north as Kirkealdy, in Fifeshire. 
T. Maugei is a native of South-west Europe, but has 
naturalised itself near Bristol. It is dark brown, and 
the shell is larger than in T. haliotidea. 
TESTACEOUS. Brownish-yellow; resembling un- 
glazed earthenware in colour, 
Fie, 16, TESTUDINARIA ELEPHANTIPES. 
INARIA (from testudo, a tortoise ; alluding 
to a supposed resemblance in the outside roots). ORD. 
Dioscoreacee. A small genus (two species) of greenhouse 
twiners, endemic in South Africa. Flowers diccious, 
AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 
Testudinaria—continued. 
small, racemose in the axils, resembling those of Dioscorea. 
Leaves alternate, caudate or sub-deltoid. T. elephantipes, 
the species best known to cultivators, is an interesting 
plant, succeeding well in thoroughly-drained, sandy loam. 
During the period of rest; it should be kept dry. In- 
creased by imported roots. 
T. elephantipes.* Elephant’s Foot; Hottentot Bread; Tor- 
toise-plant. ji. greenish-yellow, sometimes dark-spotted, rather | 
long-pedicellate ; male racemes axillary, solitary, Ijin. to 1fin, 
long, simple, sometimes simply branched below ; females axil- 
lary, solitary, pedunculate, few-flowered, scarcely lin. long. 
July. l. broadly cordate-ovate, sub-reniform, witha stout mucro, 
seven to nine-nerved, complicated. h. 10ft. 1774. See Fig. 16. 
(B. R. 921; B. M. 1347, under name of Tamus elephantipes. 
TETA. A synonym of Peliosanthes (which see). 
TETRA. This term, used in Greek compounds, 
signifies four: e.g., Tetrapyrenus, four-stoned. 
TETRACARPUM. A synonym of Schkuhria 
(which see). 
TETRACERA (from tetras, four-fold, and keras, a 
horn; alluding to the curved shape of the four capsules). 
Syns. Euryandra, Wahlbomia. OrD. Dilleniacee. A 
genus including about two dozen species of glabrous or 
scabrous. pubescent, stove, climbing shrubs or rarely trees, 
dispersed over tropical regions. Flowers paniculate ; 
sepals four to six, spreading; petals equalling the sepals 
in number, or rarely fewer; carpels three to five (rarely 
one or two?). Leaves parallel-penniveined. The few 
species introduced, having no recommendation beyond 
their botanical features, are probably lost to cultivation. 
TETRACHOTOMOUS. When a stem ramifies in 
fours. 
TETRADENIA (of Nees). Included under Litsea 
(which see), i 
TETRADIUM (from tetradeion, a quaternion; the 
parts of flowers and fruit are in fours). ORD. Rutaceæ. 
A monotypic genus, now included, by Bentham and 
Hooker, under Evodia. The species is a stove, evergreen 
tree, requiring culture similar to Brucea (which see). 
, trichotomum (trichot d). fl. whitish, disposed 
T large, cabinet trichotomous panicles ; calyx short, four- 
parted ; petals four, longer than the calyx ; stamens four. April 
and May. l. smooth, imparipinnate; leaflets quite entire. 
h. 20ft. Cochin China, 1822. e proper name of this species 
is Evodia fraxinifolia. 
TETRADYNAMIA. A Linnean class, characterised 
by the flowers being tetradynamous. 
TETRADYNAMOUS. “Having six stamens, of 
which two are longer than the four others, which stand 
in pairs on opposite sides of an ovary; as in Crucifers’ 
(Lindley). ; 
A synonym of Hedwigia 
TETRAGASTRIS. 
TETRAGONAL. Four-angled. 
(which see). 
TETRAGONIA (from tetra, four, and gonia, an 
angle; alluding to the fruit). Syn. Demidovia. ORD. 
Ficoideœ. A genus comprising about a score species of 
greenhouse or hardy, prostrate or somewhat climbing 
herbs or sub-shrubs, mostly South African, a few being 
also fonnd on the shores of Eastern Asia, Australia, and 
temperate South America. Flowers green, yellowish, or 
reddish, axillary, solitary or few, sessile or on long 
pedicels, sometimes sub-spicate; calyx lobes three to five; 
petals none. Leaves alternate, oblong, linear, ovate, or 
deltoid, entire, rather thick ; stipules absent. T. expansa, 
the only species calling for description here, is grown 
in gardens as a substitute for summer Spinach. For 
culture, &c., see New Zealand i i 
. New Zealand Ice Plant; New Zealand 
Gy ge oe tall, avert short pedicels or almost — 
sessile in the axils, solitary or twin. ¿l petiolate, the larger ones 
19 
