obtuse, lżin. to 2in. long, irregularly angular-toothed or shortly 
lobed, pubescent above when young, at length glabrous, tomentose 
beneath. R. 
T. stipulacea.) 
T. purpurea (purple). ji. rather small, on very short pedicels ; 
calyx purple, about jin. in diameter; petals small, occasionally 
wanting; racemes longer than the leaves: June. J. oblong or 
nearly linear, obtuse, jin. to lin. Jong, entire, sprinkled with 
stellate hairs above, more hirsute beneath, or rarely nearly 
glabrous. A. 2ft. 1803. SYN. Lasiopetalum purpureum (B. M. 
41755) 
T., quercifolia (Oak-leaved), jl. rather small; calyx purple, the 
lobes not reaching the middle, broad and obtuse; petals none ; 
racemes simple. May. J. ovate, usually deeply three-lobed, the 
lateral lobes short, divaricate, and often obtusely three-lobed, 
the middle one longer, often three-lobed, the whole leaf rarely 
exceeding lin., sprinkled with stellate hairs above, rigidly 
hirsute beneath. h. 2ft. 1803. Syn. Lasiopetalum quercifolium 
(A. B. R. 459; B. M. 1488). 
T. solanacea (Solanum-like). jl., calyx white, more or less 
tomentose, about sin. in diameter, divided to rather below the 
middle; petals usually wanting; racemes pedunculate, several- 
flowered, occasionally branched. June. l. deeply cordate-ovate, 
obtuse, mostly 14in. to din. long, rather deeply sinuate-lobed, 
scabrous or hirsute above, softly and densely tomentose or hirsute 
beneath. h. 3ft. and upwards. 1803. SYN. Lasiopetalwm sola- 
naceum (B. M. 1486). 
T. stipulacea (prominent-stipuled). 
carpa. 
THOMSONIA (named in honour of Dr. A. T. Thom- 
son, author of “ An Introduction to Botany”). Syn. 
Pythonium. ORD. Aroidew (Aracew). A genus including 
only a couple of species of stove, tuberous, perennial herbs, 
natives of the Himalaya and Khasya Mountains. Flowers 
moncecious, the males and females closely contiguous ; 
spathe coriaceous, deciduous, oblong, boat-shaped, with an 
indistinct tube ; spadix sessile, nearly equalling the spathe ; 
peduncle elongated. Leaves long-petiolate, tripedatisect ; 
segments pinnatipartite; pinne oblong-lanceolate, acu- 
minate. For culture, see Caladium. 
T., Hookeri (Hooker's). ., female inflorescence rather shorter 
than the male ; peduncle elongated, slender. Z. seven-pedatisect ; 
segments oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, cuneate-narrowed towards 
the base, distant, gradually becoming smaller ; petiole elongated, 
_Slender, spotted. Tuber small. +. 2ft. Churra, 1840. 
T, nepalensis (Nepaul). fl., spathe greenish, oblong-cymbi- 
form, obtuse, coriaceous, thick; spadix green, the perfect male 
flowers purplish-yellow, the sterile ones yellow. _ l trisected ; 
middle segment pseudo-dichotomous, the partitions pinnati- 
partite, the segments alternate, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 
cuneate at base, decurrent; nerves of the lateral segments 
numerous, spreading ; petioles reddish below, irregularly spotted 
=~ mottled with fuscous-green. Tuber large. h. 2ft. Nepal, 
Sft. or more. 1842. (B. M. 4111, under name of 
A synonym of T. macro- 
THORN. A common name for various species of 
Acacia, Crataegus, &e. 
THORN. The same as Spine (which see). 
THORN APPLE. Se Datura Stramonium. 
THORN BROOM. See Ulex europeus. 
THORN, CHRIST'S. See Paliurus aculeatus 
and Zizyphus Spina-Christi. 
THORN, GARLAND. See Paliurus aculeatus. 
THORN, GOATS. See Astragalus Traga- 
cantha. 
‘ THORN, JERUSALEM. See Parkinsonia acu- 
eata. p 
THOUINIA (named in honour of André Thouin, 1747- 
1824, Professor of Agriculture at Paris). Syns. Thyana, 
argasia. ORD. Sapindacee. A genus consisting of 
about a dozen species of stove, erect or climbing shrubs 
or trees, inhabiting tropical America. Flowers small or 
minute, racemose, cymose, or paniculate ; calyx five-parted ; 
petals four, five, or absent; stamens eight to ten. Leaves 
alternate, exstipulate, trifoliolate or pinnate, rarely one- 
foliolate. Only one species has been introduced. For 
culture, see Ticorea. 
T. pinnata (pinnate-leaved). fl. white, disposed in terminal 
anicles, and having five petals and eight stamens. June. 
. pinnate ; leaflets oblong, slightly emarginate. h. 8ft. St. 
Domingo, 1823. Erect. 
THOUSAND-LEGS. A common name for Milli- 
pedes (which see). 
PO acs BIRDS ORCHIS. ‘ee Pogonia pen- 
THREE FACES UNDER A HOOD. See Viola 
tricolor. 
THRIFT. See Armeria. 
THRINAX (from thrinaz, a fan; alluding to the 
form of the leaves). Orp. Palme. A genus comprising 
about ten species of stove, mediocre or dwarf, unarmed 
Palms; one is a native of Florida, and the rest inhabit 
the Antilles. Flowers sometimes long and slender, pedi- 
cellate ; spathes many, papery-coriaceous, cut; spadices 
elongated, the rachis clothed with a tubular sheath, the 
primary branches alternate, paniculate, the branchlets 
slender. Fruit small, pea-like. Leaves terminal, or- 
bicular or truncate at base, flabellately plicate and 
multifid; segments induplicately bifid; petioles slender, 
biconvex. ‘Trunks solitary or tufted, annulated below, 
above covered with the*persistent bases of fallen leaves. 
The genus includes some very beautiful plants, the best- 
known of which are here described. They succeed best, 
when young, in a compost of loam, peat, and sand; as 
they get older, turfy loam and sand is preferable. Pro- 
pagated by seeds, which, like all Palm seeds, should be 
obtained when freshly imported, sown in well-drained pots 
or pans of sandy loam, and plunged in bottom heat. 
T. argentea (silvery). Broom Palm; Silver Thatch, &. fl, 
partial spathes three or four only ; spadix 1ft. long, slightly pani- 
cula jr. small. l shorter than the petioles, silvery-silky 
beneath ; divisions united at the base ; ligule concave, somewhat 
crescent-shaped. Trunk 12ft. to 15ft. high, 2in. to in thick. 
West Indies, 1830, 
. barbadensis (Barbados).* fi., spadix paniculate, 2ft. lo 
bas ry in po a ag L por ai Reng Bt large, Pea ad 
or digitate-multi ite; segments lanceolate, Arae md me petioles 
covered with a thick felt of small, white scales, and edged with 
nae, hooked, ascending spines. Trunk 12ft. high. Barbados, 
T, elegans (elegant) A garden synonym of T. radiata. 
T, excelsa (tall). 7., the rusty-tc tose; spadix with 
spreading-recurved branches, its axis lft. long, naked below. 
fr. globose, jin. in diameter. J. 4ft. to 5ft. long, pale green 
above, hoary-glaucous beneath by minute, appr down, about 
fifty-cleft Sal tiaions about 2ft. long, lin. to Sin. broad, united to 
about one-third their length. A. 7ft. and upwards. Jamaica, 
1800. 
oora 4 o ost 
tely radiate; segments for 
aido ones 2jft. to 3ft. long, in. broad at base, the free part 
ensiform, long-acuminate, flat, acutely bifid at apex ; sheaths 
6in. tọ Yin. long. Caudex bft. to 8ft. high, 4in. to Sin. thick, 
deeply and eens annulate. Haiti. SYN. T. graminifolia 
(I. H. n. s. 187). 
i ora (small -flowered).* Palmetto Thatch; Royal 
T metto Pei f, perianth minute ; spadix 2ft. to 3ft. long, 
iculate. fr. dry, rather rough, jin. in diameter. l. pu- 
st glabrate and green beneath, l0in. to 2ft. long ; diyi- 
sions united one-sixth to one-quarter their length; ligule deltoid. 
Trunk 10ft. to 12ft. high. Jamaica, 1 
pumilio i l. digitately multipartite; segments ensi- 
ba ed rama ore ws the middle nerve ferru- 
inou taceous beneath, the secondary ones six to eight, 
impressed on both sides; ligule triangular. Trunk short or 
m As Tri sda 1830. 
. radiata j , spadix 2ft. to 3ft. long, iculate, l 
piema TOT puberulous beneath, lft. to 2ft. long; divi- 
i eir $ ; 
sions united to or beyond one Jonge; Mtie peti 
rounded, with hort, blunt a pendage t ee se 
rounded, Ninidad, 1838. See Fig. 25, p. 30. SYNS. T, elegans 
and T. gracilis (of gardens). : 
