AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
OF HORTICULTURE. 41 
Tiliaces—continued. 
axillary or terminal, often cymulose; sepals five, rarely 
three or four, free or connate, often valvate; petals as 
many or fewer, or none, alternating with the sepals, 
inserted around the base of the torus, entire or incised; 
æstivation contorted or variously imbricated, induplicate, 
or valyate; stamens usually indefinite ; filaments free, or 
connate in a ring of five to ten bundles; anthers two- 
celled; ovary free, sessile. Fruit two to ten-celled, or, 
by abortion, one-celled, variable. Leaves alternate, in a 
few species opposite or nearly so, simple, penninerved 
or palminerved, entire, toothed, or rarely lobed; stipules 
twin, usually small and deciduous, rarely larger and 
persistent or absent. Several of the species in this 
order furnish materials for making cord. Jute, the 
fibre of Corchorus capsularis, has, of late, become the 
rival of hemp in the English market, many thousands 
of tons being annually imported from India. The order 
comprises about 46 genera and 330 species. Examples: 
Aristotelia, Corchorus, Prockia, Tilia, Triumfetta. 
TILIACORA (the Bengalese name). Syn. Braunea 
(in part). Orp. Menispermacee. A monotypic genus. 
The species is a stove, evergreen, climbing shrub, thriving 
in a compost of sandy loam and peat. Cuttings will root 
readily in sand, under a glass, in heat. 
T. racemosa (racemose-flowered). fl. peon; panicles axillary, 
6in. to 12in. long, hoary, at length gla s; branches lin, long, 
the males three to seven-flowered, the females simple and one- 
flowered. May. fr., drupe jin. long, obovoid, stalked, sub- 
compressed, red, l. 3in. to 6in. long, ovate, acuminate, 
glabrous, acute, truncate, rounded, or sub-cordate at base, thin, 
on margins’ undulated ; petioles 4in. to lin. long. East Indies, 
TILL. Another name for Lentil. 
TILLÆA (named in honour of M. A. Tilli, 1653-1740, 
an Italian botanist). Including Bulliarda. ORD. Cras- 
sulacee. A genus comprising about twenty species of 
aquatic or terrestrial, cosmopolitan herbs. Flowers white 
or reddish, minute, variously disposed. Leaves opposite, 
cylindrical, subulate, or flat, entire. T. muscosa (Mossy 
Redshanks) is a British plant. Several exotic species 
have been introduced, but their interest is of a botanical 
character only. 
TILLANDSIA (named in honour of Elias Tillands, a 
Swedish botanist, and Professor of Medicine in the Univer- 
sity of Abo). Syn. Renealmia (of Linneus). Including 
Allardtia, Anoplophytum, Bonapartea, Phytarrhiza, Platy- 
stachya, Vriesia, and Wallisia. ORD. Bromeliacee. A 
large genus (according to the authors of the “Genera 
Plantarum,” nearly 120 species) of very handsome, stove, 
epiphytal or rock-loving, very rarely terrestrial, glabrous 
or often more or less furfuraceous herbs, natives — of 
tropical America, a few extending into North America. 
Flowers solitary in the bracts ; sepals erect, rather rigid, 
free, closely imbricated; petals free, deciduous, the erect 
claws conniyent in a tube, the blades spreading ; stamens 
free; filaments filiform; anthers oblong - linear, erect, 
shorter than the petals, or sometimes exserted ; bracts 
variable ; spike terminal, simple or compound, rarely 
reduced to a one-flowered peduncle. Capsules oblong or 
linear, septicidally three-valved. Leaves narrow, entire. 
Most of the plants of this genus are epiphytal on trees 
under natural conditions; but under cultivation it is 
found best to treat the majority of them as pot-plants, 
the exceptions being such as T. bulbosa, T Gardneri, 
T. iæioides, and T. usneoides (Old Man’s Beard)—which 
Vol. IV. ae 
Tillandsia—continued. 
section thrive best ın a mixture of loam, peat, and leaf 
mould, with a sprinkling of crushed bones added. The 
small, grassy-leaved kinds, of which T. angustifolia 
and T. virginalis are examples, may be grown in peat 
and sphagnum. All the species delight in abundant sun- 
light, a high temperature during summer, plenty of water 
(though the soil must not be kept saturated), and syring- 
ing overhead twice a day. In winter, they should be 
kept from getting quite dry, but need not be syringed. 
Nothing can exceed the beauty of many of the Tilland- 
sias, when in good health, and bearing their richly- 
coloured flowers. There is no more beautiful plant than 
T. Lindeni, whilst T. carinata, T. Morreni, T. psittacina, 
and T. splendens, are most richly coloured. Propa- 
gation is effected by seeds and suckers, chiefly by the 
latter. They should be allowed to grow large before 
being detached from the parent, and inserted singly in 
pots just large enough to hold the sucker, using a com- 
post of loam, peat, and leaf mould. The suckers must 
not. be confined in a close frame for propagating, but 
kept a, moist and well shaded. Spring is the 
best season for detaching them. 
With the assistance of the following “Classified List 
of the Cultivated Tillandsias” (for which we are in- 
debted to Mr. J. G. Baker, who has generously lent the 
manuscript of his unpublished Monograph for the purpose), 
the names of any of the species described below may 
be the more readily determined. 
Leaves spaced out on a long stem - =  Strepsia. 
Leaves crowded, rosulate, coriaceous, acumi- 
nate, densely lepidote. a , 
Inflorescence distichous Diaphoranthema. 
Phytarrhiza, 
Platystachys. 
Inflorescence multifarious . A ytum. 
‘ Pityrophyllum. 
Leaves rosulate, broader and thinner, ob- 
securely lepid x < 
Inflorescence distichous Allardtia 
i Wallisia. 
Vriesia. 
Inflorescence multifarious . Cyathophora 
j Conostachys. 
SUB-GENUŚ I. STREPSIA. 
Flowers solitary in the axils of the stem leaves. 
filiform. 
usneoides. 
SUB-GENUS IL DIAPHORANTHEMA. 
Flowers one or few; style and stamens short. Leaves sub- 
\ terete. Leafy stem short. 
bryoides. 
recurvata. 
SUB-GENUS III. PHYTARRHIZA. 
icate or panicled; petal blade broad, spreading; style 
ale aa and stamens shark Leaves rosulate. $ : 
Duratii 
ixioides 
xiphioides ~ 
SUB-GENUS IV. PLATYSTACHYS. 
icate or panicled; petal blade lingulate; stamens and 
ecto ave longer than the calyx. Leaves rosulate. 
anceps 
