64 - THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
TRACHELOSPERMUM (from trachelos, the neck, 
and sperma, a seed; alluding to the apical elongation of 
the seeds). Syns. Parechites, Rhynchospermum (of 
Lindley). ORD. Apocynacee. A small genus (four 
species) of stove or greenhouse shrubs, inhabiting the 
East Indies, the Malayan Archipelago, and Eastern Asia, 
extending as far as Japan. Flowers white, in loose, 
terminal or pseudo-axillary cymes; calyx small, five- 
parted, with five to ten glandular scales at base within ; 
corolla salver-shaped, with a cylindrical tube, a constricted 
throat, and five oblong, twisted lobes; filaments very short ; 
disk annular, truncate or five-lobed. Leaves opposite, 
scattered, penniveined. T. jasminoides is a pretty, green- 
house climber, of easy culture in a compost of light loam 
and peat. It may be readily increased by cuttings. 
T. jasminoides (Jasmine-like).* fl. white, very fragrant, several 
in a cyrf; corolla tube contracted below the middle, hairy 
within at the mouth, the lobes waved, with refiexed margins ; 
uncles solitary, axillary or terminal, much longer than the 
eaves. July. l. on very short petioles, ovate-lanceolate, acute, 
-the younger ones pale yellow-green. Shanghai, 1846. Syn, 
Rhunechospermum jasminoides (B. M. 4737; J. H. S. i., p. 74; 
L & P. F. G. ii. 147). 
Rea 5 lium (narrow-leaved). A form with smaller, 
narrower leaves than the type; it proves hardy when grown 
against a wall in the open air in the south of England. SYN. 
Rhynchospermum angustifolium. 
TRACHYCARPUS (from trachys, rough, and karpos, 
fruit; probably in allusion to the rough, hairy fruit). ORD. 
Palme. A small genus (four species) of greenhouse or 
half-hardy, unarmed Palms; two inhabit the mountains 
of North India and Burmah, the third is Chinese, and 
the fourth Japanese. Flowers yellowish, small; spathes 
many, rather large, compressed, obliquely cut, thickly 
coriaceous, tomentose ; spadices many, short or elongated, 
robust, densely or loosely flowered. Fruit yellowish, small, 
globose, ellipsoid, or sub-reniform, one-seeded. Leaves 
terminal, orbicular or semi-orbicular, deeply plicate-multi- 
fid; segments narrow, induplicately bifid; rachis none; 
ligule very short; petioles biconvex; sheath entire. Cau- 
dices solitary and tall, or dwarf and tufted. The species 
are of very easy culture in a compost of rich, strong 
loam, to which is added a small portion of vegetable 
mould and sand. Perfect drainage, and copious supplies 
of water throughout the summer, are most essential to 
success. Propagation may be effected by suckers, which 
generally appear in considerable quantities; or by seeds. 
Fig. 68, TRACHYCARPUS EXCELSUS, in a Young State. 
W, i (tall).* fl, spadix lft. long, duplicately branched ; 
~ spathes membranous, fuscous, tubular, bifid at apex. J. in 
) * a h Hein a ee i tg 
ligitately m artite, l4ft. in diameter; segmen een to 
oo, game somewhat obtuse, bidentate or shortly bifid, the 
th or smani petioles above loosely concave, below 
x H long, the margins smooth or armed with small 
China and Japan, 1844. Seo Fig. 68. (F. d. S. 2368.) 
(Fortune’s).* yalan Deea Gensel : 
than 9in. ias l. semi-orbicular, fiabeliate, itt 
Trachycarpus—continued. 
long and broad, cut half-way or more down ; segments ĝin. to lin. 
broad, pendulous towards their tips ; petioles 14ft. or more long, 
unarmed, or the margins very obscurely toothed. Caudex 8ft. to 
12ft. high, the lower portion marked with the scars of fallen 
leaves. China, 1849. Hats, brooms, brushes, cordage, sandals, 
and whole dresses, are made, by the natives, of the fibrous sheaths 
of old leaves. (G. C. n. s., xxiv., p. 505.) SYN. Chamerops Fortunei 
(B. M. 5221 
T. khasyanus (Khasyan). fl., spadix aft. long, the lower half 
concealed by the spathes, of which there are three; branches of 
the spadix exserted, quite naked. Z. flabelliform, reniform, 2ft. 
long, 35ft wide; segments about sixty-five, the lateral ones 
shortest, 12in. to 14in. long, but more deeply divided than the 
others, linear, their segments 24in. to 3in. long, narrow, acute ; 
petioles 1}ft. long, with irregular, denticulate margins. Trunk 
bin. in diameter. A. 9ft. Khasya Mountains. SYN. Chamerops 
khasyana. 
T. Martiana (Martius’). fl., spadices many, in adults much- 
branched, spreading, many-flowered. fr. ovate, sub-solitary, 
lepidoted. /. palmately multifid ; segments bifid at apex ; sheath 
cylindrical, obliquely truncate. Caudex 26ft. high, cylindrical 
above, 4in. to 6in. in diameter, fusco-cinereous, marked with the 
scars of fallen leaves. Himalayas. Syn. Chamcerops Martiana. 
TRACHYMENE (from trachys, rough, and hymen, 
a membrane; alluding to the channels of the fruit). 
Syns. Didiscus, Huegelia. ORD. Umbellifere. A genus 
comprising about fourteen species of stove or greenhouse, 
annual or perennial herbs; one inhabits New Caledonia, 
another Borneo, and the rest are endemic in Australia. 
Flowers white or blue, in simple umbels; calyx teeth 
minute or obsolete; petals entire, obtuse, imbricated ; 
involucral bracts linear, often connate. Leaves ternately 
dissected or rarely undivided, toothed; stipules wanting. 
T. cerulea, the only species worth describing in this work, 
is a rather coarse, erect, more or less hirsute, greenhouse 
annual or biennial. It should be raised from seeds, sown 
on a gentle hotbed. 
T. czrulea (blue). /. usually blue; petals unequal; involucral 
bracts numerous, linear ; peduncles long, each bearing an umbel 
of very numerous flowers, lin. to 2in. in diameter. July. J. once 
or twice tripartite ; lobes linear-cuneate, trifid or incised, acute ; 
upper floral leaves small, simple or trid. R. 1ft. to 2ft. West 
e ars 1827. (B. R. 1225.) SYN. Didiscus cæruleus (B. M. 
TRACHYMENE (of De Candolle). 
Siebera (which see). 
TRACHYNOTIA. A synonym of Spartina (which 
see). 
TRACHYSTEMON (from trachys, rough, and 
stemon, a stamen; alluding to the villous filaments of 
one of the species). Syns. Nordmannia, Psilostemon. 
ORD. Boraginee. A genus including only a couple of 
species of hardy, erect, branched, hispid, perennial herbs. 
found in the Orient. Flowers pink or white, pedicellate ; 
calyx five-cleft; corolla tube cylindrical, five-scaled within, 
the five lobes linear, spreading, or at length revolute; 
stamens five ; cymes rather loose, bundle-flowered. Nutlets 
four, erect. Radical leaves often ample, long-petiolate ; 
cauline ones few, alternate. T. orientalis, the only species 
calling for description here, thrives in ordinary soil; it 
may be multiplied by seeds, or by divisions. 
T. orientalis (Eastern). /. purplish- i i- 
- cels; corolla oes prin EF oa pear meres Sot tar keene 
to May. l hispid, broad; lower ones cordate; upper cauline 
Seah, IT GO a ee aie e 17)” Stee Deve wna 
Megs. eee 
TRACHYTELLA. 
see), 
A synonym of 
A synonym of Delima (which 
TRADESCANTIA (named in honour of John Trades- 
cant, gardener to Charles I.; he died in 1638). Spider- 
wort. Syn. Ephemerwm. Including Descantaria, Pyrrheima. 
ORD. Commelinacee. A genus comprising about thirty-two 
species of stove, greenhouse, or hardy, perennial herbs, 
natives of North and tropical America. Flowers more or 
less pedicellate, numerous or few in a cyme, very rarely 
solitary ; sepals distinct, concave, green or coloured ; petals 
distinct, obovate or orbicular, sub-equal; stamens six, 
