68 THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Training—continued. 
therefore, in an established tree, a year older than the 
pair situate immediately above. Unfortunately, it is not 
safe to at‘empt more than one step up each year, although, 
with vigorous trees and a good climate, two may occa- 
sionally be secured by stopping the centre shoot in summer 
Fic. 76. SINGLE OBLIQUE CORDONS 
at the proper distance up, and training the laterals. This 
is not recommended, as it cannot be expected that a 
lateral from a young shoot will ever mature and form a 
branch equal in strength to another which starts from a 
ripened bud. Some prefer Training the branches on 
either side, so that they come alternately (see Fig. 75); 
Fic. 77. TREBLE OBLIQUE CoRDON. 
but it is not always certain that every branch can be 
secured just at the point where it is wanted to insure 
alternate regularity. 
In Oblique Training, a saio stem is reserved as in 
the Horizontal method; but the side branches are allowed 
to point upwards, instead of being kept to a level. This 
Fic. 78 DOUBLE HORIZONTAL CORDON. 
allows, a freer circulation of sap, for the reason which 
: has been already explained ; the system, therefore, favours 
- weak-g sorts, and may be adopted with success for 
answer, 
Cordon Training adiit of a large number of trees 
being cultivated in a comparatively small space. Apples, 
and Cherries, the fruits of which are borne on 
specially adapted for Training as 
They need but little ee ee meee may 
Peaches hary Nectarines, where the Horizontal would not 
Training—continued. 
be kept pinched back during summer. Single Cordons 
consist only of a single stem, which may be formed from a 
strong maiden tree. These may often be planted about 
2ft. apart, and trained obliquely, as shown in Fig. 76. 
Other oblique forms of Cordons are trained with two, or 
even three stems (as in Fig. 77). Horizontal Cordons are 
best adapted for training along the sides of walks, or 
to form an edging or boundary to fruit-tree quarters, 
&c. The method of Training a Double Horizontal Cordon 
Fic. 79. SINGLE HORIZONTAL CORDON. 
is shown in Fig. 78, and the Single, which is necessary for 
the ends, or where there are intersecting walks, in Fig. 79. 
Pyramid Training is available for Pears, Apples, and 
Plums, also Cherries for pot-culture, and for outside in 
places where they can be depended upon to succeed away 
from a wall. There are several modifications of Pyramid 
Training, that most generally seen being an upright stem 
furnished with branches from bottom to top, which vary 
ae ‘ae 80, PYRAMID TREE. 
in length, so as to form a pyramidal outline toe Fig: 80). 
The branches require regulating and stopping, as the trees _ 
| grow, to "o a free itonlationi EA them; and to 
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