AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA 
Trifolium—continued. 
sometimes emarginate, crenulate-serrulate; stipules leafy, 
acuminate. Stem ascending or decumbent, lft. to 1}ft. long. 
North America, 1794. Annual. (B. M. 3471.) 
T. rubens (reddish). fi. carmine or purple-red ; heads peduncled, 
ovoid, large. Summer. l. stalked ; leaflets long, narrow ; stipules 
large. Stems erect. h. lft. Centraland South Europe. (R.G. 
1886, p. 243.) 
T. spadiceum (chestnut-brown). Brown Clover. fl. yellow; 
standard slightly ferruginous, obcordate ; heads ovoid, pedun- 
culate. June to August. Z. stalked; leaflets oblong-ovate, 
sessile, denticulated ; stipules leafy, acuminate. Stem erect, 
6in. high. Europe, 1778. (B. M. 557.) 
T. uniflorum (one-fiowered).* fl. axillary, solitary, on short 
peduncles; corolla very long, the standard blue, the wings and 
keel purple. May to September. Z., leaflets three, ovate, 
acuminate, toothed, nerved ; stipules sheathing, long-acuminate. 
Stems very short. Syria, &c., 1800. Plant tufted, creeping. 
(L. B. C. 1882; S. B. F. G. ser. ii. 200.) The form Sternbergianum 
has white flowers. 
T. vesiculosum (bladdery-calyxed). /l., reddish ; calyx scarious, 
inflated, the segments subulate, much shorter than the corolla ; 
heads ovate, thick, on long peduncles. June and July. l, leaflets 
lanceolate, acute, sharply serrulated; stipules narrow, long- 
acuminate. Stems erect, firm, 9in. high. South Europe, 1805. 
(B. R. 1408.) 
TRIFURCIA (from tres, three, and furca, a fork; 
alluding to the three-forked style). The correct name, 
according to Bentham and Hooker, is Alophia. Syn. Her- 
bertia. ORD. Irideæ. A small genus (three or four species) 
of pretty, American, stove, greenhouse, or hardy, bulbous 
plants. Flowers long-pedicellate; perianth tube none; 
segments free, the three outer ones shortly unguiculate, 
spreading, obovate or broadly oblong, the three inner 
ones much smaller, acute, erect or scarcely spreading ; 
filaments connate in a cylindrical tube; spathes narrow. 
Leaves few. Bulb tunicated. Only two species call for 
description here. They thrive in a mixture of equal parts 
loam, peat, and sand. With protection in winter, the 
plants will succeed in the open border. Propagation 
_may be effected by offsets, or by seeds. 
T. cserulea (blue). f., outer perianth segments having a white 
claw, dotted with blue, the blade blue, with a deeper-coloured, 
triangular mark at base; inner segments blue, deeper-coloured in 
the middle; anthers and stigma short; peduncle shorter than 
the bracts. April. Texas, 1842. Half-hardy. SYN. Herbertia 
ceerulea (B. M. 3862, figs. 3, d, e, f ). 
T, pulchella (pretty). fl., limb of the outer perianth segments 
lilac, undulated, the claw pale-yellowish or whitish, dotted with 
purple ; inner segments deeper-coloured in the middle ; anthers 
subulate, exceeding the stigma. July. Z. 5in. or more long. 
Buenos Ayres, 1827. Greenhouse. Syn. Herbertia pulchel 
(B. M. 3862, figs. 1, 2; L. B. ©. 1547; S. B. F. G. 222). 
TRIGLOCHIN (from treis, three, and glochin, a- 
point; in reference to the three angles of the carpel). 
Arrow Grass. ORD. Naiadaceæœ. A genus consisting of 
about a dozen species of greenhouse or hardy, marsh-loving, 
erect, scape-bearing herbs, broadly dispersed over mostly 
temperate and frigid regions. Flowers small or rather 
large, spicate or shortly pedicellate and racemose, erect, 
ebracteate and ebracteolate; perianth segments scale- 
like, three, six, or rarely fewer; stamens six. Leaves 
elongated, flat or somewhat terete, sometimes swimming. 
Two species—T. maritimum and T. palustre—are British 
plants. T. bulbosum is the only one calling for description 
here. It thrives in pots of loamy soil, the bottoms of 
which are immersed in water. 
T, Barrelieri (Barrelier’s). A synonym of T. bulbosum. 
T. bulbosum (bulbous-rooted), fl. purplish, numerous and very 
variable, pedicellate, disposed in a simple, elongated raceme ; 
scape erect, smooth. October. l. semi-cylindric, linear, bilobed, 
complanate or scarcely channelled above, the outer ones often 
reduced to sheaths. Rhizome short, more or less tuberous. 
h.1ft. Europe, Asia Minor, and South Africa, 1806. Greenhouse. 
(B. M. 1445; L. B. C. 1151.) Syn. T. Barrelieri, 
TRIGLOSSUM. 
(which see). 
TRIGONAL. Three-angled, and having three plain 
faces, ; 
Vol. IV. 
A synonym of Arundinaria 
OF HORTICULTURE. 
ah 
TRIGONELLA (from treis, three, and gonu, 
angle; the standard of the flower is flat, while the wings 
spread, thus imparting a triangular appearance). Fenu- 
greek. © Including Pocockia. Orv. Leguminosae, A 
genus comprising nearly fifty species of hardy, often 
strong-smelling, annual or perennial herbs; one is Austra- 
lian, and the rest are dispersed over Europe, Asia, and 
Africa. Flowers yellow, blue, or white, variously disposed ; 
calyx tubular or short, with sub-equal teeth or lobes; petals 
free of the staminal tube; standard obovate or oblong, 
sessile or contracted into a broad claw; wings oblong; 
keel obtuse. Leaves pinnately trifoliolate ; stipules ad- 
nate with the petioles. Scarcely any of the species are 
worth growing. The seeds of T. Fenwm-Grecum were 
anciently held in great repute for medicinal and culinary 
purposes; but their use in medicine is with us confined 
to veterinary practice. The genus is represented in Britain 
by T. ornithopodioides. Sowing in the open border is 
all that is required by the under-mentioned species. 
T. cærulea (blue). fl. in dense, pedunculate heads; petals 
white, lined with blue. July and Au . L, leaflets ovate, the 
lower ones roundish-ovate, denticulated ; stipules rene Sapte | 
toothed at base. Stems erect, lft. to 2ft. high. Bohemia an: 
= 1562. Annual. Syn. Trifolium ceruleum (B. M. 
hite; calyx pilose, 
T. Foenum-Grecum, Fenugreek. E 
the subulate teeth as long as the tube. June to August. 1, 
ules lanceolate-faleate, 
leaflets obovate, obsoletely toothed; sti 
entire. Stem erect, simple, 1ft. to 2ft. ‘high, South of France, 
1597. Annual. (B. M. Pl. 71; S. F. G. 766.) ey 
T. ruthenica (Russian). fl. yellow, disposed in racemose heads. - 
June and July. Z. lanceolate, very obtuse, sharply serrulated ; 
stipules nearly entire. Stems prostrate, ascending, 14ft. long. 
Siberia, 1759. Perennial. (L. B. C. 1391.) 
TRIGONIA (from treis, three, and gonu, an angle 
the fruit is triangular), Syn. Mainea. ORD. Vochysiacee. 
A genus embracing about twenty-five species of climbing 
or sarmentose, stove shrubs, natives of Brazil and Guiana. 
Flowers often small, in terminal panicles or racemes ; 
sepals and petals five each; stamens five to twelve. 
Leaves opposite, on short petioles; stipules caducous. 
Three species have been introduced, but are now probably 
lost to cultivation. 
TRIGONIDIUM (from trigona, a triangle, and eidos, 
like; alluding to the triangular form of several parts of 
the plants). ORD. Orchidee. A small genus (seven or 
eight species have been described) of curious, stove, 
epiphytal Orchids, inhabiting tropical America. Flowers 
rather large, shortly pedicellate within spathaceous bracts ; 
sepals sub-equal, connivent or coherent at base in a 
triquetrous, turbinate tube, free above, spreading; petals 
similar, but much smaller; lip rising from the base of the ~ 
column, erect, much shorter than the sepals, the lateral — 
lobes erect, embracing the column, the middle one 
spreading; pollen masses four; scapes many-sheathed, 
one-flowered. Stem very short, mostly pseudo-bulbous. 
A selection of the species known in gardens is given below. 
They thrive on blocks, or in baskets of peat, fibre, and 
sphagnum, and like a fairly light position, near the 
glass, 
| acuminatum -poi dull straw-colour externally, 
"si slop eneloop pet 
Peter Sg Ses polenta ‘Pseudo-bulbs ovate, acute, sulcate, 
one-leayed. Demerara, 1834. 
, Egertonianum Pp. 's j, liver-colour, 
e eeo and veined Sd a come TE Bag lateral ones 
reflexed ; tly acute. l narrow, often 14ft. long, 
ensiform. > bs clustered, oval, compressed, two-leaved. 
Honduras, 1834. A very distinct species. 
obtusum a).* fA... reddish-yellow, obovate ; petals 
Tears tenon reac a aA 
one sello in front. L linear-lanceolate. Demerara, 1834 
| tenue (slender). jl. brownish-purple; sepals reflexed, very 
peter oe lip <i glabrous, reflexed at apex; scape erect, 
slender. l. ensiform, very acute, longer than the . Pseudo- 
bulbs oval, compressed, one-leaved. Demerara, 
N 
