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AN ENCYCLOPADIA 
i 
OF HORTICULTURE. 99 
Tropzolum— continued. 
T. sessilifolium (sessile-leaved). fl. on solitary or twin terminal 
peduncles; calyx with a long spur; petals red, shaded with 
violet, conformed, spathulate-obovate, emarginate, exceeding the 
calyx. Summer. J. sessile, five-lobed; lobes oblong, glabrous, 
povon peices 1868. Plant prostrate. Greenhouse. (G. C. 
» P. : 
as the corolla; petals yellow, all lobed and fringed. June. 
l. peltate-nerved, dee ately five-lobed. New Grenada, 
T. Smithii (Smith’s). /l., spur of the calyx straight, twice as long 
1775. na (B. M. 4385; 
Karay annual or nhouse perennial. 
. S. 384. 
T. speciosum (showy).* Flame-flowered Nasturtium. Ji., spur 
long; petals scarlet, obcordate, exceeding the calyx, the upper 
ones narrow -cuneate, the lower ones sub-orbicular. June. 
Sete taape aE — oblong, obtuse, pilose-pubescent 
eneath. ms pllose-pubescent. Chili, 1846. Hardy. (B. M. 
4323 ; F. d.S. 281; P. M. B. xiv. 173.) ess 
T, E Aenea age (three-coloured).* fi. solitary, much shorter than 
the pedicels ; calyx orange-scarlet, tipped with black, turbinate ; 
petals orange, obovate, entire, equal, shorter than the slender, 
attenuated spur. June to October. Z. peltately five or six-parted ; 
segments obovate or oblong, obtuse. Chili, 1828. Halt-hardy. 
A very showy plant. See Fig. 113. (B. M. 3169: B. R. 1935 ; 
F. na prt a F M: ae edd 8. B. F G. 270.) ere are 
varieties o is species with yellow an en flowers, viz., 
T. t. Regelianum and T. t. Schultzii (R. 428), os 
4 
Fic. 114. PORTION OF FLOWERING STEM OF TROPÆOLUM 
TUBEROSUM. 
T. tuberosum (tuberous-rooted). Peruvian Nasturtium. fl., 
petals yellow and red, almost as long as the calyx, entire or 
toothed. tember. Z. peltate-nerved, five-lobed, transversely 
truncate at base, smooth. Roots tuberous, depressed, edible 
when boiled. Peru, 1827. Half-hardy. See Fig. 114. (B. H. ii. 
36; B., M. 3714; F. d. S. 452; P. M. B. v. 49; R. H. 1853, 18.) 
Sina 
T, umbellatum (umbellate-flowered). fl. umbellate; calyx 
- cylindrical, longer than the slightly curved, obtuse spur ; petals 
orange-red, spathulate, straight, acute, three of them exceeding 
the calyx, the other two minute and scale-like. June. J. some- 
what peltate, cordate, five-lobed. Quito, 1846. Greenhouse. 
(B. M. 4337; F. d. 8.302.) 
T. violæfolium (Viola-leaved). fl., spur short, slightly curved ; 
petals at first of a beautiful azure-blue, becoming paler, spreading, 
equal, obovate, deeply emarginate at apex, attenuated into long, 
whitish claws. October. l. peltate, deeply five-lobed ; segments 
unequal, obovate or obversely lanceolate, obtuse, the middle one 
larger, mucronulate. Root tuberous. Chili. Greenhouse. 
(B. 3985, under name of T. azureum.) 
, Wagnerianum (Wagner's). f., spur pink, straight, tubular, 
La ade lżin. e ie violet, wedge-shaped, seven-toothed 
towards the apex; pedicels very slender, about Zin. long. July. 
l. peltate, oblong-triangular, rather obliquely-hastate, truncate at 
, acuminate at apex, eo aga Venezuela, 1850. Green- 
house. (B. H. ii. 1; F. d. 3 
TROPHIANTHUS. A synonym of Aspasia (which 
see). 
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TROPHIS (from trophe, fodder ; alluding to the use of 
some of the species). Ramoon-tree. Syn. Bucephalon. 
ORD. Urticacee. A small genus (five or six species) of 
stove trees or shrubs, inhabiting the West Indies, Mexico, 
and the Andes of South America, Flowers sessile or shortly 
pedicellate; spikes or racemes solitary or twin in the 
axils, the males loosely bundle-flowered, the females often 
short and few-flowered. Leaves alternate, petiolate, entire 
or few-toothed, those of the sterile branches sometimes 
lobed. The leaves of T. americana are said to be occa- 
sionally used in the West Indies as fodder. One or two 
of the species have been introduced, but they are probably 
lost to cultivation. 
TROPICAL DOCKWEED. See Pistia Stratiotes. 
TROPIDIA (from tropis, tropidos, a keel; in allusion 
to the keel-shaped labellum). Syns. Cnemidia, Decaisnea, 
Govindovia, Ptychochilus. ORD. Orchideew. A small genus 
(about five species) of tall, leafy, often branched, stove, 
terrestrial Orchids, natives of the East Indies, the Malayan 
Archipelago, and the Pacific Islands. Flowers mediocre, 
in short spikes; sepals connivent; lip sessile at the base 
of the column, erect. Leaves ample or reed-like. None 
of the species are in cultivation in this country. 
TROPIS. In Greek compounds, this term signifies 
the keel of a papilionaceous flower or any part re- 
sembling it. 
TROS. Included under Narcissus. 
TROTTLES. See Symphytum asperrimum. 
TROWEL. A garden Trowel is a most useful and 
well-nigh indispensable tool for lifting small plants from 
one place and inserting them in another, and for planting 
anything out which has previously been growing in pots, 
as, for example, during the bedding-out season, when 
numerous subjects have to be so transferred. ‘Trowels are 
preferable to dibbers at any time, as with them the holes 
may be made larger, and the roots spread out better. 
Fern Trowels are narrower than the ordinary garden kind ; 
as the name implies, they are intended for lifting Ferns, 
and are chiefly used by collectors of these plants when 
searching for them in their native habitats. 
TROXIMON (from troxvimos, edible, which the plants 
of this genus are not). Syn. Agoseris. Including Ammo- 
geton and Macrorhynchus. ORD. Composite. A genus 
comprising about sixteen species of hardy, almost stemless, 
annual or perennial herbs, natives of North-western and 
Southern extra-tropical America. Flower-heads yellow or 
orange, homogamous; florets ligulate, truncately five- 
toothed at apex; involucral bracts in many series, the 
outer ones gradually shorter and broader; receptacle flat, 
naked or foveolate, rarely bearing a few palew between 
the florets; achenes glabrous; pappus bristles copious ; 
scape erect, leafless, one-headed. Leaves radical, entire, 
deeply toothed, or pinnatifid. T. glaucum and its variety 
are now probably the only known garden representatives 
of the genus, although others have been introduced. 
They are perennials, thriving in sandy loam. Propagation 
may be effected by divisions. 
glaucum cous, .-heads bright yellow, nearly lin. in 
Be sere ikoanen tee loosely imbricated in three or four 
series. May and June. l. linear-lanceolate, acute, entire, or 
two small teeth. A. 1ft., United States, 1811. 
rarely with one or 
(B. M. 1667.) 
T, g. dasycephalum (thick-headed). fl.-heads, receptacle often 
bearing a few chaffy scales among the florets ; involucre woolly, — 
at least when young. l. (and scape) often somewhat pubescent. 
(B. M. 3462). Syn. Ammogeton scorzonerefolium. 
TRUE LOVE. See Paris quadrifolia. 
TRUFFLES. Fungi, living below ground, or rarely 
on the surface of the soil. They are, externally, some- 
what like potatoes or other tubers ; hence, the genus of 
most importance has been named Tuber, and from it 
