102 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Tsuga—continued. 
T. caroliniana (Carolina). l larger, wider, and darker-coloured 
than in 7. canadensis, six to ten lines long, and nearly one line 
broad, retuse or often notched at the ends, cones also larger, ten 
to sixteen lines long, the scales oblong, longer than wide, spread- 
ing when ripe at nearly right angles, the broad bracts slightly 
cuspidate, the seeds less than half the length of the narrow wing. 
h. t. to 60ft. North Carolina, 1886. A compact, pyramidal 
tree, with flattened spray. (G. C. n. s., xxvi., p. 781.) 
T. Hookeriana (Hooker’s).* J. closely set, linear, mucronate, 
and erect, of a pale, slightly glaucous tint. cones ovoid-cylindrical, 
lyin. to 2in. long, }in. wide, pendent, dark purple, when ripe pale 
fawn-coloured ; scales coriaceous-imbricated ; bracts short, per- 
sistent. California, 
and very distinct. 
T. Mertensiana (Mertens’).* Very similar to T. canadensis, dis- 
tinguished by its shorter, slenderer leaves, more robust and rapid 
growth, more spreading branches, and deeper, red-coloured bark ; 
and also by the more elongated scales of its cones and the pro- 
poriionately longer wings of the seeds. h. 100ft. to 150ft. Cali- 
ornia, 1851. Syn. Abies Mertensiana. 
T. Pattoniana (Patton’s).* Californian Hemlock Spruce. Z. angu- 
lar, acutish, attenuate at the base, often curved, żin. to lin. long. 
cones cylindrical-oblong, 2in. to 3in. long. Sierra Nevada, 1851. 
Described by Dr. Engleman as “a tall, strictly pyramidal tree, 
100ft. to 150ft. high, and 2ft. to rarely 4ft. through, of graceful 
habit, with slender, pubescent branchlets, and light green foliage.” 
SYN. Abies Williamsoni: 
T. Roezlii (Roezl’s). 1. scattered, short, slightly twisted, flat 
above, rounded beneath, green on both surfaces. cones about 
2in. long, with large, entire, thin scales; seeds deep red, very 
small, with a e, membranous wing. Branches pendulous. 
h. 50ft. to 60ft. orth California. A curious species, with the 
habit of Cedrus Deodara. See Fig. 116, (R. H. 1870, 21.) 
T. Sieboldii (Siebold’s).* J. solitary, somewhat distichous, thickly 
set on the branches, frequently alternate, flat, slightly linear, 
obtuse, rarely acute, entire, dark green above, with two white- 
ucous bands beneath. cones terminal, lin. long, elliptic, blunt. 
anches irregularly —- , drooping at the ends ; branchlets 
slender, recurved. A. . to 100ft. Japan. SYN. Abies Tsuga. 
TUBZ FORM. Hollow and dilated at one extremity, 
like the end of a trumpet. 
TUBE. The 
1854. A very graceful tree, thickly branched, 
part of a gamosepalous calyx, or gamo- 
petalous corolla, formed by the union of the edges of the 
sepals or petals. A staminal Tube is formed from the 
cohesion of the filaments in monadelphous flowers. 
TUBEFLOWER. A common name for Cleroden- 
dron Siphonanthus (which see). 
TUBER. A roundish, underground, succulent stem, 
covered with buds or “eyes,” from which new plants or 
Tubers are produced; e.g., the Potato. A receptacle of 
vegetable food. : 
TUBER. See Truffles. 
TUBERCLED. Covered with small warts or ex- 
crescences. 
A term applied to simple roots 
which acquire a succulent consistency, become reservoirs 
of vegetable food, and serve for propagating purposes, 
in consequence of being terminated by a bud. A little 
tuber. 
TUBEROSE. See Polianthes tuberosa. 
TUBER ROOT. A common name for Asclepias 
tuberosa (which see). 
TUBS. Wooden Tubs are sometimes used for large 
plants, such as Palms, Oranges, Tree Ferns, &c. It is 
important that good drainage should be provided, and 
porous soil used at first, as the roots cannot be examined 
very readily afterwards. Trees in Tubs will often remain 
for several years without the soil being renewed, if 
watering is properly attended to, and an occasional töp- 
dressing is given. 
 TUCKERMANNIA. 
see). 
 TULBAGHIA (named after Tulbagh, a Dutch 
Cape of Good Hope, who died in 1771), 
Omentaria. ORD. Liliacee, About a dozen species — 
| referred as such to this genus, but Baker 
A synonym of Corema (which 
governor at the 
Sy 
a 
place them within 
Tulbaghia—continued. 
accords this rank to nine only. They are mostly green- 
house, rhizomatous, perennial herbs, with a garlic-like 
odour, inhabiting South and tropical Africa. Flowers 
numerous, in a terminal umbel, pedicellate; perianth 
urceolate or nearly salver-shaped, with six sub-equal, 
spreading lobes; corona rather fleshy at the throat, 
shorter than the lobes; stamens six; involucral bracts 
two, scarious, broad; scape simple, leafless. Leaves 
radical, ligulate, the withered sheath sometimes forming, 
with the rhizome, an imperfect corm. The species known 
in gardens are described below. They are interesting 
subjects when in flower. Sandy loam and peat form 
the most suitable compost for Tulbaghias. Propagation 
may be effected by offsets, or by seeds. 
T. affinis (related), A form of T. alliacea. 
a 
T. alliacea (Onion-scented), fl., perianth greenish-purple, five to 
six lines long; corona obscurely red, fleshy, entire or crenate ; 
umbels four to twelve-flowered ; scapes Qin. to 18in. long. June, 
l. five or six, 6in, to Qin. long, two to three lines broad. 1820. 
(Ref. B. 349.) 
T: a, (related). /l., perianth segments half the length of 
the tube, narrower. /. lft. or more long, three to six lines broad. 
Altogether a more robust plant than the type. Syn. T. affinis. 
T. a. Ludwigiana (Ludwig’s). fl., scape lift. to 2ft. long. 
L lorate, 6in. to 8in. long, eight to nine lines broad. SYN. T. Lud- 
wigiana (B. M. 3547). x 
T. alliacea (Onion-like), of Sims. A synonym of 7. capensis. 
T. ca 
pensis (Cape). fi., perianth greenish-purple, the segments. 
half the length of the tube ; staminodia obscurely purple, <lgeply', 
emarginate ; umbels six to eight-flowered; scapes 1}ft. to 2ft. — 
high. June. Z. ten to twelve, lft. or more long, four to six lines 
broad. 1774. (B. M. 806, under name of 7. alliacea.) 
T. Ludwigiana (Ludwig's). A form of T. alliacea. perc 
T. violacea (violet). /l., perianth purplish-violet, eight to nine 
lines long, the segments lanceolate, half the length of the cylin- 
drical tube ; staminodia ligulate, emarginate ; umbels eight to 
twenty-flowered ; scapes lft. to 2ft. long. March. L six to ten, 
greon; 8in. to 12in. long, two to three lines broad, 1838. (B. M. 
-) 
TULIP. See Tulipa. á 
TULIPA (the Italian sebastien of the Turkish tul- 
bend, a turban, which the flower resembles). Dalmatian 
Cap; Tulip. Including Orithyia. ORD. Liliacee. A 
genus comprising, according to Mr. Baker, upwards of 
sixty species of very beautiful, hardy, bulbous plants, 
inhabiting Europe, North Africa, Western and Central 
Asia, and extending as far as Japan. Flowers erect or 
very rarely nodding, showy; perianth deciduous, cam- 
panulate or nearly funnel-shaped ; segments disti t, erect 
or erecto-patent, sub-e often spotted inside near the 
base ; stamens six, hyp ous, shorter than the perianth ; 
filaments more or less complanate, attenuated or shortly 
filiform at apex; anthers oblong-linear, erect, the cells 
laterally dehiscing. Leaves linear or rather broad. Stem 
simple, few-leaved, one, or rarely two or three, flowered. 
Bulb tunicated, the tunics sometimes woolly within. “In 
the middle of the seventeenth century, Tulips became the 
object of a trade such as is not to be met with again in 
the history of commerce, and by which their price rose 
above that of the most precious metals. It is a mistake, 
however, to suppose that the high prices paid for bulbs— _ 
amounting, in instances, to 2,500 and even 4,600 — 
florins—represented the estimated value of a root, since 
these large sums often changed hands without any transfer 
of property. Bulbs we e bought and sold without being 
seen—without even in existence. In fact, they were 
the subject of a speculation not unlike that of railway 
scrip in this country at no very distant date” (Lindley and © 
Moore). Tulips still take front rank amongst the most 
familiar and beautiful of hardy, bulbous plants. Many 
hundreds of vibictis been raised by means of careful 
hybridisation; and ths re nae pa A at prices that 
e reach of the average amateur 
‘a oe 
er’ a x ee 
.. aoe New varieties of Tulips are obtained 
es 
d 
Li 
