_ are called “breeders,” 
Tulipa—continued. 
from seeds, and some of the species which increase but 
slowly by offsets may be similarly raised. The most 
general method of propagation for perpetuating varieties 
is that of offsets, which are generally produced in fair 
quantities. Seeds may be*sown in boxes of light, sandy 
soil, about February, and placed in a cold frame, where 
they will germinate in due course, and may be protected 
during the following winter. The next season the young 
bulbs should be planted in a prepared bed outside, for 
growing on into a flowering size. This takes four or five 
years, and the first flowers which appear are usually self- 
coloured ; after another period, the length of which is 
quite an uncertainty, these flowers, which at the first 
break into other colours and 
markings, which admit of their being placed into one or 
another of ‘the several classes adopted. The process of 
raising flowering bulbs of Tulips from seed is, there- 
fore, a very slow one. Offsets may be detached from 
established bulbs, when they are lifted, and grown by 
themselves until large enough for flowering. The chief 
supplies of Tulips are imported from Holland, where, 
—with other, commonly called, Dutch bulbs—they are 
grown in immense quantities for exportation to all parts 
of the world. When young seedlings and offsets are 
raised in gardens, they should be planted in a border 
or bed prepared with sandy loam, leaf mould, and light 
manure, and provided with efficient drainage, which, if 
_ possible, should be secured by selecting a position where 
¥ 
“spring display cannot receive such attention. 
„circulating amongst them, until 
the subsoil is gravelly. A situation exposed to sun and 
air is preferable, but sheltered from rough winds, which 
blow the plants about, and break their leaves. 
Cultivation. Planting of all kinds of Tulips is best per- 
formed in October, and early in November; the bulbs 
should be placed from 3in. to 4in. deep, to preserve them 
against injury from severe frost; a little sand round each 
is generally recommended, but in light, sandy soil this 
need not be considered absolutely essential—except, per- 
haps, with scarce sorts or valuable seedlings. Planting 
with a trowel is best, as the soil is better adapted for the 
roots to enter than when a dibber is used. A distance of 
6in. between the bulbs is sufficient; but when there are 
not many to be planted they may be more widely disposed. 
In the spring, so soon as the flowers begin to expand, a 
light awning placed over the bed will preserve those 
of any particular variety for a longer period than if they 
were exposed; but flower-beds filled with Tulips for a 
The bulbs 
may be lifted after the foliage ye brown and the stalks 
become limp, and placed in a l, airy place, not in the 
sun. When thoroughly ripened, they may be stored in 
drawers or bags, where provision can be made for air 
planting time again 
arrives. If it becomes necessary to lift the bulbs to clear 
flower-beds for summer occupants, they should be planted 
again in reserve beds, and allowed to ripen there. 
The arrangement of colours, and the selecting of showy 
ig varieties which flower at about the same period, are 
A 
: annual consignments arrive 
= for the season should be pro 
‘From three to five bulbs, accor 
matters of great importance in planting beds of Tulips. 
“Both single and double kinds succeed admirably, but 
preference must be accorded the forme, which are very 
distinct and beautiful. ; 
For pot-culture and forcing, 
early-flowering varieties—are inya 
Tulips—at least, the 
le. So soon as the 
lland, the supply 
a portion potted. 
for a 5in. pot, and a compost of two pets loam to one 
ofwight manure, with some sand intermixed, is suitable. 
Afterwards plunge the pots in ashes or ¢ocoa-nut fibre 
outside, and introduce into gentle heat when the bulbs 
AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HORTICULTURE. 
ding to size, are requisite | 
are well rooted, and begin to pušh their shoots. e a 
cessional supplies should be similarly treated, i 
5: 
$ ~ 
-4 
to requirements, and the quantity of bulbs at command. : 
{ 
ê 
Tulipa—continued. 
The species here described are those best known in gar- 
dens, and are based on Mr. Baker’s admirable monograph 
of the genus, which appeared in the “ Gardeners’ 
Chronicle” for 1883. His synopsis of the species, adjusted 
to the requirements of this work, is given below. 
Sub-genus I. Tulipa proper. 
Ovary with a sessile stigma. 
SECTION 1. ERIOBULB#£. Perianth bright red ; filaments without 
a tuft of hairs at the base. Lower leaf usually oblong-lanceolate, 
Outer bulb coats densely coated inside with soft, intertangled, 
cottony hairs. 
maleolens 
montana 
Oculus-solis 
preecox 
SECTION 2. CLUSIANA (type, T. Clusiana). Flowers mainly white, 
between funnel-shaped and campanulate; filaments without a tuft 
of hairs at the base. Leaves narrow and grass-like. Outer bulb 
coats densely hairy inside. 
Clusiana 
stellata 
SECTION 3. GESNERIANA (type, T. Gesneriana). Perianth usually 
bright red, campanulate ; filaments without a tuft of hairs at the 
base. Lower leaf broad, with two or three exceptions. Bulb 
coats glabrous, or with only a few adpressed hairs inside. This is 
the largest section of the genus, and the one to which all the 
species most valuable for garden p belong. It may be best 
divided into groups by characters derived from the shape of the 
perianth segments and the vestiture of the peduncles: 
Group 1. Perianth segments all uniform and acuminate. 
acuminata 
elegans 
retrofiexa 
Group 2. Perianth segments all, or the three outer, oblong, 
acute ; peduncle glabrous. 
S 
E 
Group 3. Perianth segments all broadly rounded at the apex, 
with a small cusp in the centre ; peduncle glabrons. 
Borsczowi 
Gesneriana 
macrospeila 
Ostrowskiana 
Group 4. Perianth segments all narrowed to an acute point. 
altaica 
Kaufmanniana 
strangulata 
suaveolens 
Group 5. Perianth segments all obtuse; peduncle permanently 
u ent. ; 
p Alberti Reg ; 
Eichleri 
Greigi 
iliensis 
pubescens 
SECTION 4, SAXATILES. Perianth red or lilac ; filaments furnished 
with a tuft of hairs at the base. These are a little group of fine 
species, all belonging to the oriental flora, and all, as yet, little 
known in eultiva on. i : 
H 
ageri 
pulchella 
saxatilis 
4 
ON 5. SYLVESTRES. Perianth always yellow or yellowish- — 
Fe egg nt with a tuft of hairs at the base. The- of 
this section have been comparatively little cultivated, and are ot 
much less interest from a horticultural pe of view than those 
of any of the foregoing. They may be divided into three groups 
by the colour of the flower : 
- Group 1. Flowers bright yellow, flushed with green on the 
= outside. ce 
Te fragrans _ 
Grisebachiana 
P sylvestris 
“ 
