110 ORTHOPTEROUS GROUP INSARAE 



quently punctulate with purplish. The femora are almost always 

 washed more or less with purplish, occasionally overlaid with whit- 

 ish. The great majority of the species follow this general pattern 

 more or less closely, but phantasma is unique in having the margins 

 of the pronotum beaded with purplish and the lateral abdominal 

 bars obsolete. 



Distribution. — Extending from southern California (San Luis 

 Obispo County), southern Nevada (Crestline) and central northern 

 Nebraska (Niobrara), east to eastern Kansas (Fairmount) and 

 eastern Texas (Rosenberg), south to southern Mexico (Tonala, 

 Chiapas) and west to Guadalajara, Mexico and the shores of the 

 Pacific in southern California. A single species, A. iphalangiuin, 

 exhibits a most interesting case of discontinuous distribution, its 

 range being complete removed from the main area of distribution 

 of the genus as it is found in the southeastern United States (Geor- 

 gia and Florida). Vertically the genus ranges from near sea-level 

 (Brownsville, Texas; Tonala, Chiapas) up to at least 7500 feet 

 (Livermore Peak, Texas). The region in which the genus reaches 

 its greatest diversity is south-western Texas and the adjacent por- 

 tion of northern Mexico, its origin doubtless being Sonoran. 



History.— In 1870, Thomas^^ described the first species of the 

 present genus from southern Colorado, assigning it to the Old 

 World genus Ephippitytha, to which, however, it is not at all re- 

 lated. In 1876, Stal, recognizing the peculiar character of Thomas's 

 species, erected^^ the genus Arethaea for it. Scudder, in 1877, ap- 

 parently unaware of Stal's name, created the genus Aegipan^^ for 

 two new species of the present genus, phalangium from Georgia 

 and grallator from Texas. In 1878, Brunner, in his classic revision 

 of the Phaneropterinae,^^ described two species of the genus, 

 muUiramosa from Georgia and constricta from Texas. Scudder, 

 in 1900, in describing from southern California the first brachyp- 

 terous female individual of the genus,^^ referred it to the quite dif- 

 ferent genus Dichopetala as D. brevicauda, an error Morse pointed 



■'^ Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1870, p. 76. 



" Bihang till Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., IV, no. 5, p. 55. 



«" Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., XIX, p. 39. 



^' Monogr. der Phaneropt., p. 234. 



"2 Canad. Entom., XXXII, p. 331. 



