BITTER — BLACKBIRD. 19 



pro\Tiicial name for the species. Bittor and Bittoun are 

 also cited as former variants by Nelson and Clarke. 



Black-and-blue Titmouse : The BLUE TITMOUSE. (Rutty.) 



Black-and-white Avocet. Macgillivray's name for the 

 AVOCET. 



Black-and-white Dabchick : The SLAVONIAN GREBE. 

 Occurs in Edwards as " Black and ^^^lite Dobchick." 



Black-and-white Diver : The S^IEW. 



Black-and-white Flighter : The AVOCET. 



Black-and-white Gull: The GREAT BLACK-BACKED 

 GULL. (Yorkshire.) 



Black-and-white Wagtail : The PIED WAGTAIL. (York- 

 shire.) 



Black-.and-white Woodpecker: The GREAT SPOTTED 

 WOODPECKER. (Norfolk.) 



Black-backed Eider. Macgillivray's name for the KING 

 EIDER. 



Black-backed Falcon. The PEREGRINE FALCON. 



Black-backed Gull or Black-back : The GREAT BLACK- 

 BACKED GL'LL ; Black-back is a common Yorkshire 

 name. 



Black-backed Hannock : The GREAT BLACK-BACKED 

 GULL. (Bridlington.) 



Black-bellied Dipper. See DIPPER. 



Blackberry-eater : The STONECHAT. (Merrett.) 



Black-billed Auk : The RAZORBILL (in Avinter). A name 

 first given by Pennant (1766) to a supposed distinct species 

 of Razorbill, which Latham united with the latter species, 

 considering it to be the yoimg. 



BLACK-BILLED CUCKOO [No. 217, The American Black- 

 billed Cuckoo.] An Ajnerican species which has occurred 

 once in the British Islands. 



Black-billed Egret. MacgillivTav's name for a supposed 

 variety of the GREAT WHITE HERON (the East Lothian 

 example, June 9th, 1840). 



BLACKBIRD. [No. 164.] From A.Sax. 6/«c, Wafc=black, and 

 A.Sax. hrid, a bird. It occurs in Dame Berners' " Boke of 

 St. Albans' " (1486) as " black bride " ; in Turner (1544) 

 as "blak byrd " and " blak osel " ; in Merrett (1667) as 

 " black-bird " and " black ousle " ; m Willughby (1678) 

 as the "Common Blackbird." Be\nck (1st ed.) calls it 

 " Black Ouzel." It is also called in literature the " merle." 

 Strange to say, although one of the commonest of our birds, 



c2 



