BLACK— BLACX. 25 



by its unrestrained clamour it almost deafens those who 

 live near lakes and marshes." Willughby and Ray (1678) 

 call it " our Black cloven-footed Gull " and give also " Scare- 

 Crow " as a popular name. '" Black Tern " occurs in 

 Pennant (1766). 



BLACK-THROATED DIVER [No. 343]. This species is so 

 called from its black chin and throat. The name is first 

 used by Edwards, and is also foimd in Pennant, Latham 

 and later wTiters. In Benbecula and North Uist the 

 natives compare its cry in dr^;- weather to " Deoch I deoch ! 

 deoch ! tha'n loch a tras-ghadh " — '• drink ! drink ! drink ! 

 the lake is nearly dried up " (Gray). 



Black-throated Grosbeak. Macgilli\Tay's name for the 

 HAWFINCH. 



Black-throated Thrush [No. 161]. An Asiatic species in 

 which the throat and breast are of a dull black hue. 



Black-throated Waxaat:ng. ]\racgiUi\Tay's name for the 

 WAXWING. 



Black-throated Wheatear : The BLACK-EARED WHEAT- 

 EAR. 



Black-throated YELLOw-HAMisrER. A local name for the- 

 CIRL BLUNTING. 



Black Thrush : The BLACKBIRD. (:\IacgiUi\Tay.) 



Black-toed Gull : The ARCTIC SKUA. (Pennant.) It is a 

 local name for this species in ]\Iorav, and Swainson also 

 applies it to the GREAT SKUA. 



BLACK-Toppm' Duck : The TUFTED DUCK. (Yorkshire.) 



BLACK WHEATEAR [No. 174]. A recent addition to the 

 British List ; first recorded in 1909. 



Black Wigeon : The female WIGEON. (East Ireland.) 



Black-winged Gull: The BLACK-HEADED GUI.L. 

 (Yarrell.) 



Black-winged Horned 0\\t:. : The EAGLE-OWL. 



BLACK-WINGED PRATINCOLE [No. 355]. This is the 

 G. melanoptera of Saunders ("Brit. Birds" [Mag.], vol. i, 

 1, p. 15), hence the name Black -\^"inged. 



BLACK- WINGED STILT [No. 400]. This species was not of 

 quite such rare occurrence in former times. It was knoMTi 

 to the older authors from Pennant (1766) to Donovan as 

 " Long-legged Plover." Occurs in Willughb}- (1678) under 

 the name of Himantopus (ex Pliny and Aldrovandus). 

 Black-winged Stilt is found in Selby (1833). The name 

 Stilt is ascribed by Newton to Rennie in 1831, as a rendering 



