GEASS- — GREAT. 103 



northern islands of Scotland. But that this is largely 

 an error is proved by the evidence of Low, Bullock and other 

 writers acquainted with those islands. The last isolated 

 bird believed to have occurred in St. Kilda was killed about 

 1840 (see Harvie-Brown and Buckley's "Vertebrate Fauna 

 of Outer Hebrides "). Montagu, writing in 1802. says that 

 " it is said to breed in the isle of St. Kilda." In eai'lier 

 times it appears to have been abiuidant in the North 

 Atlantic islands, yet Willughby mentions that he only 

 saw it in the collection of the Royal Society, and in 

 Tradescant's Cabinet at Lambeth. Its last knoAvn resort as 

 a breeding species was on a practically inaccessible 

 island off the coast of Iceland, where it became extirpated 

 in 1844. 



Great-Billei. Scoter : The SURF-SCOTER. 



Great Black-and-Whlte Duck: The COMMON EIDER. 

 (Edwards.) 



Great Black-and-White Gull: The GREAT BLACK- 

 BACKED GULL. (Willughby.) 



Great Black - and - White Woodpecker : The GREAT 

 SPOTTED WOODPECKER. 



GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULL [No. 434]. So called from 

 the slate-black of the mantle and its large size. Occurs in 

 Willughby (1678) as Great Black-and-White Gull. Pen- 

 nant (1766) has the same, but in the later editions calls it 

 " Black-backed Gull," as do also Le^^in, Walcott, and others. 

 The name GREAT BLACK-BACKED GUI.L occurs in 

 Montagu (1802), and is used by most later writers. 



Great Black Cormorant : The CORMORANT. 



Great Black Duck : The VELVET-SCOTER. (Be^\ick.) 



GREAT BLACK-HEADED GULL [No. 429]. A Mediter- 

 ranean species, so called from its large size and black head. 



Great Black-Headed Tomtit: The GREAT TITMOUSE. 

 (Provincial.) 



Great Black Woodpecker. This fine species was added to the 

 British List by Latham, Lemn, Montagu, Donovan and 

 others, on the strength of the statement of Latham that he 

 had been informed that it was sometimes met with in the 

 south, and in particular Devonshire. The name is found 

 in Albin (ii, pi. 27), on the plate, the text-name being Black 

 W^oodpecke}', 



Great Blue Haw^ : The PEREGRINE FALCON. (North- 

 west Fells, Yorksliire.) 



