NIMBLE — NUTCRACKER. 169 



Northern Great Spotted Woodpecker. See GREAT 

 SPOTTED WOODPECKER. 



Northern Hareld : The LONG-TAILED DUCK. (Aberdeen. ) 

 Hareld is from havdd, the Icelandic name of the bird. 



NORTHERN LONG-TAILED TITMOUSE [No. 100]. The 

 Continental form of the LONG-TAILED TITMOUSE. It 

 was formerly called the White-headed Lone;-tailed Titmouse. 



Northern Mealy Redpoll : COUES'S REDPOLL. 



Northern Penguin : The GREAT AUK. (Edwards.) 



Northern Wellow-Titmouse. See WILLOW-TITMOUSE. 



Northern Willow-Waebler. See WILLOW- WARBLER. 



Norway Barnacle : The BARNACLE-GOOSE. (Ireland.) 



Norway Crow: The HOODED CROW. (Northumberland, 

 Yorkshire, Norfolk.) From its being supposed they visit 

 us in -ftinter from Norway. Northern Crow is also a 

 Craven name for the species. 



Norway Duck : The SCAUP DUCK. (Belfast.) Nor^v-egian 

 Teal is also a Banff name for the same species. 



Norway Nightingale. A name for the REDWING. (Hett.) 



NORWEGIAN BLUETHROAT [No. 182]. Generally knoAvn as 

 Red-spotted Bluethroat. It is the Blue-throated Redstart 

 of Edwards (pi. 28), the Blue-throated Robin of Be\^ick, and 

 the Blue-tlii'oated Warbler of Yarrell and Jenjms. 



Nun or White Nun : The male SMEW. (Northumberland.) 

 From its black-and-white plumage : Willughby calls it 

 the " White Nun." Also the BLUE TITOIOUSE, from its 

 banded head (occurs in Turner and Willughby). 



Nutbreaker : The NUTCRACKER. Appears to be the first 

 English name given to this bird and is foimd in the index to 

 Willughbj' (1678), no English name being given in the text. 



Nut-brown Bird. A name for the PARTRIDGE. (Hett.) 



N^UTCRACKER [No. 7, Thick-Billed Nutcracker; No. 8, 

 Slender-Billed Nutcracker]. The name Nutcracker seems 

 to be first found in Edwards's Gleanings (plate 240, 1758). 

 The earliest mention of this species apj)ears to be in 

 Turner (1544) who says "besides the said three kinds 

 of Graculi described by Aristotle, I know a fourth, which I 

 have seen upon the Rhsetic Alps , . . Now to this the 

 Rhaetians have given the name of Nucifraga, from the nuts 

 which it breaks with its bill and eats." The form breeding 

 in Europe is now separated from the form breeding in 

 Siberia and visiting Europe in winter : hence the two names. 

 In Shropshire the name is applied to the NUTHATCH. 



