LIFE HISTORIES OF NORTH AMERICAN PETRELS AND PELICANS. 293 



Lakes) and southern Oregon (Klamath Lakes). North to central 

 British Columbia (Chilcotin) and Great Slave Lake. An outlying 

 breeding colony exists in Laguna de la Madre, south of Corpus 

 Christi, Texas. Breeding grounds protected in the following reserva- 

 tions : In Oregon, Lake Malheur and Klamath Lake ; in North Da- 

 kota, Chase Lake; and in Nevada, Anaho Island, Pyramid Lake. 



Winter range. — North to southern California (Ventura and River- 

 side Counties), southwestern Arizona (Yuma), the coasts of Texas 

 and Louisiana, and northern Florida (mouth of the St. John River). 

 South through the Greater and Lesser Antilles (Cuba, Isle of Pines, 

 Antigua, Trinidad, etc.) and along both coasts of Mexico, as well 

 as in the interior, as far south as Panama. 



Spring migration. — Northward through the interior, beginning in 

 INIarch. Early dates of arrival : Kansas, Cimmaron, March 9 ; Iowa, 

 Mount Pleasant, March 18 ; Nebraska, April 8 ; South Dakota, Fort 

 Sisseton, April 20; North Dakota, Huron, April 3; Saskatchewan, 

 Indian Head, April 28; Manitoba, April 29 to May 4; Mackenzie, 

 Pelican River, May 9. Late dates of departure : Louisiana, April 2 ; 

 Missouri, May 9; Kansas, May 22; Minnesota, Heron Lake, May 12. 

 West of the Rocky Mountains the migration route is comparatively 

 short. Migrants pass through southern California in April and 

 May; Fresno County, April 6; Los Angeles County, April 27 to 

 May 25. 



Fall migration. — Early dates of arrival: Iowa, Grinnell, Septem- 

 ber 13; Missouri, St. Louis, September 14; Arkansas, Helena, Sep- 

 tember 3 ; Texas, Galveston, September. Late dates of departure : 

 Manitoba, Waterhen River, October 3 ; South Dakota, Fort Sisseton, 

 October 30 ; Iowa, Sioux County, October 4 ; Kansas, Emporia, Octo- 

 ber 13 ; Missouri, St. Louis, October 7 ; Arkansas, Turrell, November 

 15. On the Pacific slope migrants reach the coast of Washington, 

 Bellingham Bay, as early as September 5 and linger in southern 

 California through November ; Pasadena, November 25 ; Fresno 

 County, December 5. 



Casual records. — Has wandered on migrations to practically every 

 Province in Canada and nearly every State in the United States. 

 Eastern records include: New Brunswick (Cape Spencer, April, 

 1881), Maine (Saponica Lake, May 28, 1892, and Eliot, June 8, 1897) 

 and Massachusetts (North Scituate, October 5, 1876, and Sandwich, 

 May 13, 1905). Recorded once on the Arctic coast of Mackenzie 

 (Liverpool Bay, summer, 1900). 



Egg dates. — Utah and Nevada: Thirty-four records. May 1 to June 

 25; seventeen records May 16 to June 3. Manitoba and Saskatche- 

 wan: Nine records, June 4 to July 18; five records, June 4 to 19. 

 Oregon : Three records, April 16 to July 8. 

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