72 International Code of Nomenclature 



Principle 5. 



PRINCIPLE 5. Nomenclature deals with: 



(1) The terms which denote the categories of taxa (taxonomic groups or 

 units, such as species, genus, family) and the relative ranks of these 

 categories. 



(2) The names which are applied to the individual taxa (taxonomic 

 groups), such as Bacillus subtilis. Streptococcus, Spirillaceae, Spiro- 

 chaetales. 



NOTE 1. The use of the word taxon (plural taxa) is appropriate for the term 



taxonomic group or the word group wherever used in the sense of taxonomic 



group in this Code. The word group has as its preferred use in bacteriology 



that indicated in Recommendation 8a. 



NOTE 2. The word name, unless otherwise indicated, means a name which 



has been validly published, whether legitimate or illegitimate. 



A legitimate name or epithet is one that is in accordance with the rules. 



An illegitimate name or epithet is one that is contrary to the rules. 



The correct name of a taxon with a particular circumscription, position, and 



rank is the name which must be adopted for it under the rules. 



A name is effectively published when its publication is in accordance with 



Rule 11. 



A name is validly published when its publication is in accordance with Rules 



12, 13 and 14. 



ANNOTATIONS 



Principle 5. The Botanical Code has practically identical word- 

 ing. The Zoological Code neither defines nomenclature nor notes the 

 differentiation of terms denoting categories and names of taxa, 

 though there is in this Code implicit recognition of the existence of 

 distinctions. 



The names and relative ranks of the several categories of taxa 

 are given in Principle 7 (p. 13) . 



A^ote 1. The statement in the Botanical Code reads: 

 Taxonomic groups of any category will, in this Code, be referred 

 to as taxa (singular, taxon) . 

 The fourteenth International Congress of Zoology at Copenhagen, 

 1953, approved the introduction of the expression "taxon" to repre- 

 sent the concept "taxonomic unit." "The expression is to be used 

 wherever appropriate, throughout the Zoological Code." 



Note 2. The definitions of the several phrases as given in the 

 Bacteriological Code correspond to those of the Botanical Code. 



The Zoological Code does not recognize certain of the phrases 

 of Note 2, and uses a different terminology for others, particularly 

 the following: 



An available name is one which is "sufficient nomenclaturally" (as 

 contrasted with "taxonomically") . Apparently this corresponds in 

 part to the phrase "legitimate name" of Note 2. 



A valid name is one which is "'sufficient taxonomically" (as con- 

 trasted with "nomenclaturally") . 



The phrase "duly published" is apparently used in much the same 

 sense as "validly published" in the Bacteriological Code. 



