Bacteria and Viruses 73 



Principles 6 and 7. 



PRINCIPLE 6. The rules and recommendations of bacteriological nomenclature 

 apply to all bacteria, recent and fossil, with certain distinctly specified ex- 

 ceptions. 



ANNOTATIONS 



Principle 6. The corresponding statement of the Botanical Code 

 reads: 



The rules and recommendations of botanical nomenclature apply 

 throughout the plant kingdom, recent and fossil, with certain dis- 

 tinctly specified exceptions. 



Note. In general the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature 

 applies also to Bacteria. However, many special provisions are 

 needed for this group and for this reason a special International 

 Code of Bacteriological Nomenclature has been provided by the 

 International Microbiological Congress. (See Jour. Gen. Micro- 

 biology 3 (3) :444. 1949) . 



PRINCIPLE 7. The terms which denote the rank of taxonomic groups (taxa) 

 are defined as follows: 



(a) Every individual is treated as belonging to a number of categories of con- 

 secutive rank and consecutively subordinate; of these the species is the basic 

 one. The principal categories in ascending sequence are species (species), genus 

 (genus), family (familia), order (ordo), class (classis), divisi:»n (divisio). In some 

 genera the rank subgenus may be distinguished, and in some families the 

 rank tribe. 



(b) In many species, subspecies or varieties are distinguished; in some cases 

 subdivisions of a species such as strains, groups, serotypes, variants, phases 

 and others may be recognized. 



(c) If a greater number of intermediate categories (ranks) are required, the 

 terms for these subdivisions are made by adding the prefix "sub-" to the terms 

 denoting the ranks. Thus, subfamily denotes a rank between a family and a 

 tribe, subtribe a rank between a tribe and a genus, etc. 



(d) The definition of each of these categories (ranks) varies, up to a certain 

 point, according to individual opinion and the state of the science; but their 

 relative order, sanctioned by custom, must not be altered. No classification is 

 admissible which contains such alterations. 



ANNOTATIONS 



Principle 7. The categories of taxa that are recognized in the 

 Bacteriological Code may be summarized as follows: 



1. (Division) (Divisio) ' 9. (Tribe) (Tribus) 



2. (Subdivision) (Subdivisio) 10. (Subtribe) (Subtribns) 



3. Class (Classis) 11. Genus (Genns) 



4. (Subclass) (Subclassis) 12. (Subgenus) (Subgenus) 



5. Order (Ordo) 13. Species (Species) ' 



b. (Suborder) (Subordo) (14a. (Subspecies) (Subspecies) 



7. Family (Familia) jl4b. (Variety) (Varietas) 



8. (Subfamily) (Subfaniilia) 15. Individual (Individuurn) 



