126 



FUNGI AS ANTAGONISTS 



Penlcillium luteum-furfurogenum 

 Pemc'ilUumnotatum-chrysogenimi 

 Tr-ichoderma-Gliocladium 



Fusarium-Cefhalosforiufn 

 Chaetormum and other Ascomycetes 

 Miscellaneous other fun2:i 



A comparative study of a number of fungi taken from a culture col- 

 lection brought out (986) the fact that about 40 per cent of the Asper- 

 gilli {Aspergillus fumarkuSy A. jum4gatusj Aspergillus schiemannii, 

 Aspergillus terreus) and 25 per cent of the Penicillia (Penicillium 

 chrysogenum, Penicillium daviforme, Penicillium funiculosum, Peni- 

 cillium exfansum) possessed antagonistic properties. Out of many 

 Phycomycetes tested, only Phythophthora erythroseftica showed some 

 activity. A few Ascomycetes were also found to be active. A summary 

 of the antibacterial properties of various fungi and of the antibiotic 

 substances produced by them is given in Table 25. In addition to the 

 specific strain of the organism, the composition of the medium and the 

 conditions of growth, especially aeration, are most important in con- 

 trolling the amount and nature of the antibiotic substance produced by 

 the organism, as shown in Table 26. The fact that different strains of 



TABLE 26. EFFECT OF AERATION, AS ILLUSTRATED BY DEPTH OF MEDIUM, 

 ON ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SEVERAL FUNGI 



From Waksman and Horning (934). 



Note. Cultures were incubated 5 to 6 days at 28° C. 



