348 



GENERAL INDEX 



Serial dilution method of measuring 



antibiotic action, 71,73 

 Sewage, 22, 25-26 

 Silkworms, destruction of, 148 

 Simultaneous inoculation method of 

 testing antagonistic action, 61, 62 

 Skin diseases, 138, 243 

 Smuts, bacteria antagonistic to, 139 

 Soil 



actinomycetes in, 6, 8, 9, 109-1 1 2 

 as culture medium, lo-l i 

 as habitat of microorganisms, 1-2 

 bacteria in, 6, 8, 9, 1 1, 247 

 biological state, 5-6 

 chemical composition, 4-5 

 fungi in, I, 6, 8, 9-10, 137, 247 

 heating, effect of, 144, 250 

 microbial population. See Soil micro- 

 organisms 

 pathogens in, 14-15, 16-18, 27-36 

 physical properties, 2-4 

 saprophytes in, 15-18 

 sterilization. See Sterilization of soil 

 unsterilized, effect on plant growth. 

 Fig. 34 (p. 254) 

 Soil-borne diseases 



effects of actinomycetes, i 21-122 

 effects of fungi, 138 

 methods of control, 14-15, 246-258 

 Soil enrichment method of isolating an- 

 tagonistic microorganisms, 56-57 

 Soil inoculation method of isolating an- 

 tagonistic microorganisms, 58-59 

 Soil microorganisms, 6-10, 36-37 

 and nematodes, 150-151 

 antagonism to plant pathogens, 248- 



249 

 effect of bacteria, 3 i 

 equilibrium, 40 

 Solid media for testing antagonistic ac- 

 tion, 62-64 

 Space antagonism among microorgan- 

 isms, 49-50 

 Spinulosin, 67, 270 



chemical nature, 133, 159, 160, 161 

 crystals, 133, 159 

 effect on bacteria, 125, 132 

 Spirocheticidal action of penicillin, 211, 

 212, 234 



Spore-forming bacteria as antagonists, 



82-88 

 Spore germination, 137, 141 

 Spores, preparation of, 65-66 

 Spot inoculation method of testing an- 

 tagonistic action, 64 

 Stable manures, 20-25 

 Staling of medium, 41, 52 

 Staphylococcus aureus infections, treat- 

 ment with penicillin, 234-235 

 Sterilization of soil 



effect on coliform bacteria, 1 1 

 effect on germination of barley, 251 

 effect on potato scab, 122 

 partial, 145, 250, 258 

 Strawberry root rot, 258 

 Streptomycin, 174-175, 270 



chemical nature, 53, 159, 160, 161, 



171 

 effect on bacteria, 117, 195, Fig. 27 



(p. 215) 

 practical value, 123 

 production, 117, 120 

 toxicity, 122 

 Streptothricin, 1 1 6-1 17, 118, 173- 

 174, 270 

 chemical nature, 53, 159, 160, 161, 



171 



compared with actinomycin, clavacin, 



and penicillin, 190-191 

 differentiation of bacteria by, 220 

 effect on bacteria, 195, 198 

 by species, 70, 119, 191 

 effect on fungi, 141-142 

 therapeutic value, 123, 243, 244 

 toxicity, 245 

 Structural formulae of antibiotic sub- 

 stances, 164 

 Submerged growth, 176 

 Subtilin, 159, 160, 270 

 Successive inoculation method of test- 

 ing antagonistic action, 61, 62 

 Sulfanilamide 



antiluminescent activity, 77 

 compared with penicillin, 229, 232, 



233, 261 

 effect on bacteria, 70, 77, 189, 195, 



229, 261 

 effect on penicillin, 205 



