TRIGLYCERIDES AND FATTY ACIDS 153 



blood ketone levels may be as high or higher in sows than in cows and ewes 

 affected with severe ketonemia, the blood-sugar values examined in the 

 small number of tests failed to show low values for the animals which 

 exhibited the ketonemia. 



e'. Ketosis in Fowls: Mirsky and co-workers^^^ reported that fasting 

 produced a rapid accumulation of ketone bodies in the blood of normal ducks; 

 values as high as 45 mg. % were noted. ^^^ Fasting likewise produced an 

 appreciable ketonemia in well-nourished hens.''**^ However, following 

 pancreatectomy, only a temporary diabetes was found to occur in the 

 chicken,''''^ and a mild form in the duck.^"'"*^" 



f . Ketosis in Miscellaneous Animals: Accordmg to Cervello and Gir- 

 genti,"*^^ a fasting ketonuria is observed in the dog. When the pancreas 

 is removed, in this species, a typical diabetes accompanied by ketosis 

 occurs 



452 



As has been discussed earlier, the dog is extremely resistant to ketosis 

 during fasting ;**^'^^* however, puppies, in contrast to adult dogs, develop a 

 marked fasting ketosis. ^^'* Ketosis follows the injection of phlorhizin into 

 the dog,^^^ as well as that of alloxan. 3*'" The injection of anterior pituitary 

 extract resulted in experimental diabetes, and its comphcations.''^^'^" 

 However, spontaneous ketosis is rare in the dog.^^^ 



Although little is known of the condition of spontaneous ketonemia in 

 the cat. Long and Lukens^" noted that severe diabetes resulted from pan- 

 createctomy. However, Barker ''^^ was unable to demonstrate augmented 

 ketonuria, commensurate with the larger amounts of fat burned, in depan- 



*"I. A. Mirsky, N. Nelson, I. Grayman, and M. Korenberg, Am. J. Physiol, 135, 

 223-229(1941). 



^^ J. Sampson and H. H. Dukes, unpublished data cited by J. Sampson, Ketosis in 

 Domestic Animals, Univ. Illinois, Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. No. 524, 19-47, p. 461. 



^" T. Koppdnyi, A. C. Ivy, A. L. Tatum, and F. T. Jung, Am. J. Physiol, 78, 666-674 

 (1926). 



«o R. Sprague and A. C. Ivy, Am. J. Physiol, 115, 389-394 (1936). 



^1 C. (Dervello and F. Girgenti, Naumjn-Schmiedeberg's Arch, exptl Pathol. Phar- 

 makol, 75, 153-167 (1914). 



^^ R. G. Sprague, Diabetes Mellitus, in F. Tice, Practice of Medicine, vol. 9, W. F. 

 Prior, Hagerstown, 1922, 69-134 (pp. 70, 71). 



«3 F. M. Allen and M. B. Wishart, /. Metabolic Research, 4, 223-254 (1923). 



«^ H. M. Evans, K. Meyer, M. E. Simpson, and F. L. Reichert, Proc. Soc. Exptl Biol 

 Med., 29, 857-858 (1932). 



«5 F. G. Young, Lancet, 1937, II, 372-374. 



^^ E. Hutyra, J. Marek, and R. Manninger, Pathology and Therapeutics of the Diseases 

 of Domestic Animals, 4th ed., vol III, A. Eger, Chicago, 1938; cited by J. Sampson, 

 Ketosis in Domestic Animals, Univ. Illinois, Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. No. 624, 407-470 

 (1947), p. 461. 



«^ C. N. H. Long and F. D. W. Lukens, J. Exptl Med., 63, 465^90 (1936). 



«« S. B. Barker, Proc. Soc. Exptl Biol Med., 34, 893-897 (1936). 



