MENTAL TRAITS 29 



bottom of which fitted snugly two galvanized iron pans, 

 which were of the same dimensions as the toilet pan. 

 These could readily be removed to be emptied and cleansed. 

 Covering the pans, and also removable, was a piece of heavy 

 wire netting, 1 inch mesh, and on this in turn was placed a 

 burlap bag containing coarse shavings or excelsior. This 

 served as a mattress. The bed was made up each evening 

 and in the morning the mattress was taken out to be dried 

 in the sunlight and the screen and pans removed and cleaned. 

 Undoubtedly a hammock would have served quite as well 

 as the mattress. The latter was used chiefly to assure suf- 

 ficient warmth to Panzee. She was very partial to a woolen 

 blanket and when given a small white blanket she would 

 take particular pains not only to cover herself neatly and 

 effectively, but to keep it clean. Almost certainly her 

 great care in this respect was due to training before she 

 came into my hands. 



In sex behavior and cleanliness my chimpanzees differed 

 markedly from those observed in the Canary Island Station. 

 The latter, because of long periods of confinement in small 

 cages, were filthy in their habits, whereas my animals were 

 tidy. On the other hand, Chim, when received by me, had 

 the habit of masturbating, whereas the reports of the Canary 

 Island observers indicate the absence of this habit in their 

 animals. 



TEMPERAMENT 



I purchased Chim and Panzee with the information that 

 they differed extremely in temperament. This proved to be 

 true, but whether the significant differences in behavior 

 which are in point may be attributed to race, sex, age, or 

 health differences is uncertain. My conviction, after months 



