34 TRAITS OF YOUNG CHIMPANZEES 



fireplace or in the pasture expressed itself by silent attention, 

 alertness, and preparedness for retreat or flight. 



When the animals were together approached by a herd of 

 cows in the pasture they exhibited the fear reaction noted 

 above, but in addition Chim sought Panzee's side and kept 

 his hand on her shoulder as though to protect and direct her. 

 When the cows were near and a person either stood between 

 them and the chimpanzees or was beside the latter, Chim 

 frequently would beat the ground with hands, feet, or both, 

 as though to frighten the strange creatures away. This he 

 did only when his natural courageousness got the better of his 

 timidity. I have never seen him do it when his hair was erect 

 and body tense in preparation for flight. Panzee never 

 exhibited any of the defense reactions. If terror stricken she 

 either scurried away from the object of fear or sought human 

 protector. Both animals had complete confidence in their 

 human companions and relied implicitly on them for protec- 

 tion against harm. 



The interest of the cows in Chim and Panzee was insistent. 

 As soon as these little natives of Africa were brought into the 

 pasture the herd, if the wind were toward it, would head 

 for them as though drawn by some irresistible force. They 

 would deliberately approach to within a few feet of the 

 chimpanzees. Several times I demonstrated to my satis- 

 faction that the odor of the chimpanzees was the determining 

 stimulus. The cows never seemed satisfied with what they 

 could see no matter how close they came to Chim and Pan- 

 zee. On the other hand the chimpanzees were entirely satis- 

 fied with what they could see of cows at a hundred yards, 

 and when they came to within twenty feet of them they 

 exhibited extreme uneasiness even though in the arms of their 

 caretaker. 



