MENTAL TRAITS 35 



Incidentally it was observed many times that extreme 

 anger or fear in Panzee was very promptly followed by 

 diarrhea. 



Expressions of sympathetic emotion, although not lacking, 

 were sometimes difficult of identification. Panzee, for 

 example, would occasionally resent liberties which were 

 taken with Chim and would, as it seemed, come to his defense 

 by attempting to strike or bite anyone who was playing 

 roughly with him. I at first thought that this was an expres- 

 sion of sympathy. Subsequent observations indicate that it 

 was jealousy instead. Similarly, the interpretation of 

 Chim's behavior toward Panzee when both were lonesome, 

 frightened or discouraged by being left behind on a walk, is 

 difficult. Casually observed, his attendance on her at such 

 times and his evident efforts to push or pull her along, and 

 indeed to direct her by placing both hands on her shoulders, 

 or an arm about her waist, suggest sympathetic companion- 

 ship, but continued observation indicates that his is far from 

 unmixed altruism. It is always difficult to decide to what 

 extent he is directed by selfishness at such times. When 

 timid or fearful he inevitably seeks companionship. His 

 presence beside Panzee, who may happen to be unconsciously 

 sustaining his courage, looks altruistic, and there is no reason 

 to deny the altruistic element, for when Panzee fell behind 

 on our rambles because of her relative weakness, Chim often 

 would respond to her cry of complaint by dropping back to 

 help her forward. I recall once seeing him stand beside her 

 in heroic attitude until the cows gradually approaching were 

 within ten yards of them, when, evidently unable longer to 

 control himself, he deserted her and made a dash for the 

 nearest tree. Perhaps many men would have done hkewise. 



Expressions by Chim and Panzee of sympathy for persons 



