310 EMBRYOLOGY 



The physiological changes produced in the sea urchin egg by fertilization 

 are treated in great detail in Brachet, J., Embryologie Cbimique (Masson 

 et C ie , Paris, 1945), Chapter 4. Following this discussion there is a summary 

 of the various theories of fertilization. This book is also useful for a summary 

 of the properties of gamones. An English translation appeared in the spring 

 of 1949. 



Perry, E. J., et al., The Artificial Insemination of Farm Animals (Rutgers 

 University Press, 1945), is excellent for sperm physiology, the collection and 

 preservation of sperm, and methods of insemination. 



Chapter 5 



The architecture of the amphibian egg with respect to development, is 

 discussed very thoroughly in a number of readable books. Huxley and de Beer 

 give a rather complete description of the process of gastrulation and a 

 detailed map of the presumptive regions of the early gastrula, comparing 

 frog and salamander in these respects. They also show clearly how these maps 

 are derived by the method of vital staining, and they provide an excellent 

 exposition of the exogastrulae obtained by Holtfreter, reproducing several 

 of the diagrams and photographs from Holtfreter's original paper. 



In Weiss's Principles of Development a. section on the analysis of am- 

 phibian development discusses the experiments showing the labile nature of 

 the egg, the significance of exogastrulae, etc. 



Much of the source material for the study of principles of development 

 as related to experiments on the amphibian egg comes from Spemann's 

 Embryonic Development and Induction. Here the student will find a clear, 

 simple, and well-illustrated treatment of the experiments dealing with con- 

 striction of eggs, interchanges of parts of the early gastrula, transplantation 

 of parts, and many others. 



Child, C. M., Problems and Patterns of Development. Development is 

 treated analytically. Gastrula maps of fish, amphibian and birds are com- 

 pared. There is a discussion of the interpretation of the exogastrula, and 

 Child questions the simple interpretations given in this textbook. 



Shumway, W., Introduction to Vertebrate Embryology. Contains gastrula 

 maps and information on the technique of vital staining, good sections and 



