27 Alcohols, Glycols and Compounds Related to Sugars 



The yields of 2-ketogluconic acid are better than 70%. 

 2,5-Diketogkiconic acid can be made the principal prod- 

 uct. This diketo acid is unstable, but can be isolated as a 

 salt. 



Leland A. Underkofler and Richard J. Hickey, "Industrial 

 Fermentations," Cliemical Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 

 1954 Vol. II, Lewis B. Lockwood, Ketogenic fermentation 

 processes, chap. 1, pp. 13-14. 



H. Katznelson, S. W. Tanenbaum and E. L. Tatum, /. Biol. 

 Chem. 204 43 (1953). 



26 5-Ketogluconic Acid, CeHmOj, generally isolated as the Ca salt 



(no sharp m.p.). 



COOH 

 HCOH 

 HOCH 

 HCOH 



c=o 



CH>OH 



Acetobacter suboxydans 



Yields of about 90% have been reported. 



Shiro Teramato, Riichiro Yagi and Ichiro Hori, /. Fermenta- 

 tion Technol. (Japan) 24 22 (1946). 



Joseph J. Stubbs, Lewis B. Lockwood, Edward T. Roe and 

 George E. Ward, U. S. Patent 2,318,641 (1943). 



Leland A. Underkofler and Richard J. Hickey, "Industrial 

 Fermentations," Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 

 N. Y., 1954 Vol. II, Lewis B. Lockwood, Ketogenic fermenta- 

 tion processes, chap. 1, pp. 10-12. 



27 2-Ketogalactonic Acid, C.-HioO^, colorless crystals, m.p. 170° (K 



salt, m.p. 139°; Me ester, m.p. 138°). 



COOH 



c=o 



HOCH 

 HOCH 

 HCOH 

 CHoOH 



