57 Aliphatic Acids and Glycolipides 



Jackson W. Foster, "Chemical Activities of Fungi," Aca- 

 demic Press Inc., New York, N. Y., 1949, chap. 10, pp. 326- 

 350. 



G. Walter, "Organic Acid Production by some Wood-Rotting 

 Basidiomycetes," Univ. Microfilms Pub. 10,417, 1955, 99 pp. 



69 Acetic Acid, C0H4O0, colorless liquid, b.p. 118°, nc'" 1.3718. 



CH3COOH 



Saccharomyces cerevisiae, other yeasts. Present in 

 small quantities in many microorganisms. 



Leland A. Underkofler and Richard J. Hickey, "Industrial 

 Fermentations," Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 

 N. Y., 1954, Vol. I, Ruse H. Vaughn, Acetic acid-vinegar, chap. 

 17, pp. 498-535. 



70 Pyruvic Acid, C;iH403, colorless liquid, b.p. 165° (dec), nn^" 



1.4138. 



CH3COCOOH 



Pseudomonas sac char ophila, etc. 



Approximately 2 moles of pyruvic acid were produced 

 per mole of glucose. 



Nathan Entner and Michael DoudorofF, /. Biol. Chem. 196 

 853 (1952). 



71 Malonic Acid, C;5H404, colorless plates, m.p. 135°. 



HOOC— CH.— COOH 



PenicilliuTn funiculosum, P. islandicum Sopp, other 

 fungi 



D-Mannitol was isolated from the same culture. 

 Takeo Yamamoto, J. Pharm. Soc. Japan 75 761 (1955). 



72 Tartronic Acid, C3H4O5, colorless crystals, m.p. 163° (dec). 



HOOC— CH— COOH 



OH 



Acetobacter acetosum, Gluconoacetobacter liquefaciens 

 The first organism also produced 2-keto-D-gluconic acid 

 and 5-keto-D-gluconic acid. The second organism also 

 produced acetaldehyde, formic acid, acetic acid, 5-keto- 

 gluconic acid, glycolic acids, other reducing acids, rubigi- 

 nol, rubiginic acid and 3,5-dihydroxy-l,4-pyrone. 



D. Kulka, A. N. Hall and T. K. Walker, Nature 167 905 

 (1951). 



