Pfizer Handbook of Microbial Metabolites 58 



Ko Aida, Toshio Kojima and Toshinobu Asai, /. Gen. and 

 Appl. Microbiol. 1 18 (1955). 



73 yg-Nitropropionic Acid, C3H-,04N, colorless crystals, m.p. 65°. 



O2N— CH2CH2COOH 



Aspergillus flavus, A. oryzae 



Milton T. Bush, Oscar Touster and Jean Early Brockman, 

 J. Biol. Chevr. 188 685 (1951). 



Seiji Nakamura and Chuji Shimoda, /. Agr. Chem. Soc. 

 Japan 28 909 (1954). 



H. Raistrick and A. Stossl, Biochem. J. 68 647 (1958). 



See addendum for reference on biosynthesis. 



74 Propionic Acid, CgHeOo, colorless liquid with sharp odor, b.p. 



140.5°. 



CH3CH2COOH 



Amanita muscaria L., Propionibacteria, Clostridium 

 propionicum 



Julius Zellner, Monatsh. 26 727 (1905). 



Kenneth V. Thimann, "The Life of Bacteria," The Macmil- 

 lan Company, New York, 1955, pp. 429-440. 



75 L(+)-Lactic Acid (d-Lactic Acid, Sarcolactic Acid), C^H^O.,, 



colorless crystals, m.p. 52.8°, [a],/' +3.33° (c 5.022 in 

 water), hygroscopic, polymerizes. 



CH3CHCOOH 



OH 



Lactobacilli, Rhizopus species, etc. 



Yields of 90% or better have been reported. 



Leland A. Underkofler and Richard J. Hickey, "Industrial 

 Fermentations," Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 

 N. Y., 1954 Vol. I, Ruse H. Vaughn, Acetic acid-vinegar, chap. 

 17, pp. 498-535; H. H. Shopmeyer, Lactic acid, chap. 12, 

 pp. 391-419. 



76 l(— )-Glyceric Acid, C:^Hf;04, unstable, usually isolated as a salt. 



Ca salt (dihydrate), m.p. 138°, [aW +13.3° (c 4.5 in 

 water). 



COOH 



HCOH 



I 

 CH2OH 



