59 Aliphatic Acids and Glycolipides 



We have observed (by paper chromatographic compari- 

 son with an authentic sample on several solvent systems) 

 the production of this acid by a wide variety of fungi. It 

 is always accompanied by gluconic acid. 



n 2-Phosphoglyceric Acid, C;iH707P. 



COOH 



I 

 HC— OPO3H2 



CH2OH 



Yeast 



O. Meyerhof and W. Kiessling, Biochem. Z. 276 239 (1935). 



78 Fumaric Acid, C4H4O4, colorless crystals, m.p. 290° (subl.) 

 (dec). 



HOOC H 



\ / 



c=c 



/ \ 



H COOH 



Rhizopus species, also Mucor, Cunnirighamella and Cir- 

 cinella species, Aspergillus and Penicillium species, Bole- 

 tus spp., Fusaria, etc. 



Yields are about 59 Sr ■ 



Leland A. Underkofler and Richard J. Hickey, "Industrial 

 Fermentations," Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 

 N. Y., 1954 Vol. I, Ruse H. Vaughn, Acetic acid-vinegar, chap. 

 17, pp. 498-535; Jackson W. Foster, Fumaric acid, chap. 15, 

 pp. 470-487. 



79 i-frflrjs-Ethylene Oxide x./S-Dicarboxylic Acid (Epoxy succinic 

 Acid), C4H4O-, colorless crystals, m.p. 185° (dec.) [<xW^ 

 -117° (c 1 in water). 



HOOC H 



H O COOH 



Aspergillus fumigatus, Monilia formosa, Penicillium 

 viniferum 



Yields greater than 20 g. per liter have been obtained. 

 Andrew J. Moyer, U. S. Patent 2,674,561 (1950). 



