Pfizer Handbook of Microbial Metabolites 512 



in this way. Involvement in chitin (Neurospora crassay 

 and cellulose (Acetobacter xylinumy^ biosynthesis has 

 been shown with labeled UDP-acetylglucosamine and 

 UDP-glucose, respectively, and work with tritium-labeled 

 substrates and cell-free extracts of group A streptococci 

 has shown involvement in hyaluronate biosynthesis.^^ 

 Other evidence indicates involvement in glucuronide-°' ^^ 

 and glycogen--' -^ formation in animals, and glucoside-*' ^^ 

 formation in plants. UMP,-« UDP, UTP-'' -^ and UDP- 

 glucose-^' •" have been synthesized chemically. 



Several cytidine nucleotides have been isolated from nat- 

 ural sources. •■'^' ^-' ^^ CDP-Choline and CDP-ethanolamine 

 have been isolated from animals, ^^ plants and yeasts^* 



^' Luis Glaser and David H. Brown, Biochim. et Biophys. Acta 23 

 449 (1957); idem., J. Biol. Chem. 228 729 (1957). 



^® Luis Glaser, Biochim. et Biophys. Acta 25 436 (1957); idem., J. 

 Biol. Chem. 232 627 (1958). 



^" Alvin Markovitz, J. A. Cifonelli and Albert Dorfman, Biochim. 

 et Biophys. Acta 28 453 (1958). 



-" Evelyn E. B. Smith and George T. Mills, Biochim. et Biophys. 

 Acta 13 386 (1954). 



21 G. J. Button and I. D. E. Storey, Biochem. J. 57 275 (1954); 59 

 279 (1955). 



" Luis F. Leloir and C. E. Cardini, /. Am. Chem. Soc. 79 6340 

 (1957); L. F. Leloir, J. M. Olavarria, Sara H. Goldemberg and H. Car- 

 minatti, Arch. Biochem. and Biophys. 81 508 (1959). 



"•^ P. W. Bobbins, B. B. Traut and F. Lipmann, Proc. Nat. Acad. 

 Sci. U. S. 45 6 (1959). 



-* G. Jacobelli, M. J. Tabone and D. Tabone, Bull. soc. chim.. biol. 

 40 955 (1958). 



-> C. E. Cardini and L. F. Leloir, Nature 182 1446 (1958). 



-•^Alexander B. Todd, "Methods in Enzymology" (S. P. Colowick 

 and N. O. Kaplan, Editors) Academic Press, New York, 1957 3 p. 811. 



-' B. B. Hurlbert, ibid., p. 785. 



2« G. W. Kenner, A. B. Todd and F. J. Weymouth, /. Chem. Soc, 

 3675 (1952); N. Annand, V. M. Clark, B. H. Hall and A. B. Todd, 

 ibid., 3665 (1952). 



29 G. W. Kenner, A. B. Todd and B. F. Webb, ibid., 2843 (1954). 



■'" Bobert Warner Chambers, J. G. MofFatt and H. G. Khorana, 

 7. Am. Chem. Soc. 79 4240 (1957); J. G. Moffatt and H. G. Khorana, 

 ibid. 80 3756 (1958). 



^^ Bolf Bergquist and Adam Deutsch, Acta Chem. Scand. 7 1307 

 (1953). 



■" Hanns Schmitz, Bobert B. Hurlbert and Van B. Potter, /. Biol. 

 Chem. 209 41 (1954). 



•'•' Eugene P. Kennedy and Samuel B. Weiss, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77 

 250 (1955); idem., J. Biol. Chem. 222 193 (1956). 



^* Irving Lieberman, L. Berger and W. Theodore Gimenez, Science 

 124 81 (1956). 



