Pfizer Handbook of Microbial Metabolites 670 



der of quantity, torularhodin, torulene, y-carotene and f3- 

 carotene, but no phytoene or phytofluene.*- Ultraviolet 

 irradiation gave stable strains varying greatly from the 

 parent both in quality and quantity of carotenoid content. 

 One of many inhibitors tested, 2-hydroxybiphenyl, inhib- 

 ited carotenogenesis without affecting culture growth. 

 Doubt was expressed that the different carotenoids are 

 biosynthetically mutually related. 



Oil of wheat rust (Puccinia gravtinis var. tritici) uredo- 

 spores contained fj- and y-carotenes with minor amounts of 

 phytoene, lycopene, a cis-/;j-carotene and a cis-carotene.*^ 



Mycoxanthin is the principal carotenoid of Mycobacte- 

 rium battaglini.** Leprotene, a leprotene derivative, ^- 

 carotene, a-carotene and an a-carotene monoepoxide prob- 

 ably were present. 



A carotenoid pigment in Spirobacillus cienkowskii 

 Metchnikoff, a pathogen of cladocera, resembled rhodo- 

 violascin or a-bacteriopurpurin.*' Astacene and astaxan- 

 thin also were thought to be present. 



Staphylococcus citreus contains the orange carotenoid. 

 sarcinaxanthin, and the yellow sarcinene.**' Reference 

 was made to two other uncharacterized carotenoids which 

 have been isolated from natural sources, neoxanthin and 

 corynexanthin.*' 



A new carotenoid has been isolated, which probably 

 has the structure shown below. **^ 



175a Bacterioruberin a, C4oHr,,50o, mauve-violet needles, m.p. 182° 

 (vac), U.V. 369, 385, 461, 494, 528 m^ in petroleum 

 ether. 



"Jean Villoutreix, Biochim. et Biophys. Acta. 40 434, 442 (1960). 



*-^ F. Hougen.'B. Craig and G. Ledingham, Can. J. Microbiol. 4 

 521 (1958). 



44Aldo Gaudiano, Rend. ist. super, sanita 22 769 (1959). (Chem. 

 Abstr. 54 13253a) 



45 J. Green, Nature 183 56 (1959). 



**' Tatsuo Ohta, Toshio Miyazaki and Teruo Ninomiya, Chem. & 

 Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 7 254 (1959). 



*" W. Hodgklss, J. Liston, T. W. Goodwin and Malini Jamikorn, 

 J. Gen. Microbiol. 11 438 (1954). 



*^ Synnove Llaaen Jensen, Acta Chem. Scand. 14 950 (1960). 



