Cnapter 7 



THE GENETICS OF TUMOR TRANSPLANTATION 



By Clarence C. Little, Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory. 



Genetic studies on tumor transplantation, 279. The Mendelian nature of the genetic 

 influences determining susceptibility and non-susceptibiUty to transplanted tumors, 

 279. Evidence of mutations in transplanted tumors, 288. Transplantation of 

 leukemia, 2qo. Practical considerations, 292. Methods of transplantation. 292. 

 Sites of transplantation, 2Q:i,. Material used in transplantation, 294. Practical 

 suggestions, 296. Transplantation of genetically controlled tumors in relation to the 

 study of growth and individuality, 297. Factors influencing successful transplanta- 

 tion 297. Relation to individuaUty, 301. The relation of transplantable tumors to 

 spontaneous tumors, 301. Relation to transplantation of normal tissue, 304. Con- 

 clusion, 305. Bibliography, 305. 



Genetic Studies on Tumor Transplantation 



Under this heading will be considered (a) the Mendelian nature of the 

 genetic influences determining susceptibility and non-susceptibility to the 

 growth of transplanted tumors, (b) evidence of mutations in transplanted 

 tumors, (c) transplantation of leukemia. 



The Mendelian Nature of the Genetic Influences Determining 

 Susceptibility and Non-susceptibility to Transplanted Tumors 



The early work of LeoLoeb (52, 53) showed that tumors which originated 

 in a strain of Japanese waltzing mice would grow, upon transplantation, in 

 approximately ioo<^ of animals of that strain. The same tumors failed to 

 grow in an unrelated strain of non-waltzing mice. This provided material in 

 which there was a clear cut and uniform difference in susceptibility between 

 two strains. 



Acting upon this suggestive result, Tyzzer (85) made certain carefully 

 controlled experiments on which he reported in 1909. His results are 

 summarized in Table i. 



From these results Tyzzer concluded that susceptibility to the carcinoma 

 JwA was inherited but not according to Mendel's law or any other type of 

 inheritance then known. This conclusion seemed justifiable since what 

 looked like Mendelian dominance in Fi had completely disappeared in F-.. 



279 



