ANEURINE (thiamine) 



54. M. M. Wintrobe, R. H. Follis, S. Humphreys, H. Stein and M. 



Lauritsen, /. Nutrition, 1944, 28, 283. 



55. C. van Etten, N. R. Ellis and L. L. Madsen, ibid., 1940, 20, 607 ; 



N. R. Ellis and L. L. Madsen, ibid., 1944, 27, 253. 



56. J. W. Pence, R. C. Miller, R. A. Dutcher and W. T. S. Thorp, 



/. Biol. Chem., 1945, 158, 647. 

 Sj. J. W. Pence, R. C. Miller, R. A. Dutcher and P. T. Ziegler, /. 

 Animal Sci., 1945, 4, 141. 



58. M. E. Ensminger, W. W. Heinemann, T. J. Cunha and E. C. 



McCulloch, Washington Agric. Exp. Sta., 1945, Bull. 468. 



59. L. de Soldati, Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., 1940, 133, 323. 



60. R. L. Berg, E. Stotz and W. W. Westerfeld, /. Biol. Chem., 1944, 



152, 51. 



61. A. Chesler, E. Homberger and H. E. Himwick, ibid., 1944, 153, 219. 



62. A. R. Maass, L. Michaud, H. Spector, C. A. Elvehjem and E. B. 



Hart, Arch. Biochem., 1944, 4, 105. 



63. G. M, Everitt, Amer. J. Physiol., 1944, 141, 439. 



64. D. C. Smith, R. H. Orter and J. E. P. Toman, ibid., 1944, 140, 603. 



65. H. A. Waisman and K. B. McCall, Arch. Biochem., 1944, 4, 265. 

 65a. B. C. Johnson, T. S. Hamilton, W. B. Nevens and L. E. Boley, 



/. Nutrition, 1948, 35, 137. 



66. G. Dalldorf and M. Kellogg, /. Exp. Med., 1932, 56, 391 ; B. Sure 



and H. S. Thatcher, Arch. Path., 1933, 16, 809. 



67. B. P. Babkin, Canad. Med. Assoc. J., 1933, 29, 5. 



68. H. Molitor and W. L. Sampson, E. Merck's Jahresber., 1936, 50, 51. 



12. EFFECT OF ANEURINE DEFICIENCY IN MAN 

 Beriberi 



The classical pathological condition arising from vitamin B^ 

 deficiency in man is beriberi. This condition occurs extensively in 

 the Far East, where it has been known for centuries, according to 

 T. Lee ^ since the fourth century a.d., but has only recently been 

 recognised in the West. It is characterised by degenerative changes 

 in the nervous system, including a multiple peripheral neuritis. This 

 is often accompanied by generalised oedema and serous effusions, with 

 a tendency to cardiac hypertrophy and dilatation. 



Death in cases of beriberi is not due to the nemitis but to cardiac 

 hypertrophy. On autopsy the heart is found to be greatly enlarged, 

 especially on the right side, with a thin wall and a generalised arteriolar 

 or capillary dilatation. Pulmonary oedema frequently occurs as a 

 result of the back-pressure caused by the failure of this side of the 

 heart ; the liver, spleen and kidneys may also be affected. 



The nerve changes are generally detectable only by microscopic 

 examination. In the spinal cord, degeneration of the medullary 



56 



