PYRIDOXINE 



25. M. J. K. Leonard and R. H. Burris, /. Biol. Chem., 1947, 170, 701. 



26. M. G. Kritzmann, Nature, 1939, 143, 603 ; Biochimia, 1939, 4, 691. 



27. A. E. Braunstein and M. G. Kritzmann, ibid., 1943. 8, i. 



28. A. E. Braunstein and M. G. Kritzmann, Nature, 1946, 168, 102. 



29. E. F. Gale and H. M. R. Epps, Biochem. J., 1944. 38, 235. 



30. E. F. Gale and H. M. R. Tomlinson, Nature, 1946, 168, 103. 



31. W. W. Umbreit, W. A. Wood and I. C. Gunsalus, /. Biol. Chem., 



1946, 166, 731. 



32. C. C. Porter, I. Clark and R. H. Silber, ibid., 1947, 167, 573. 



33. B. S. Schweigert, ibid., 1947, 168, 283. 



34. W. A. Wood, I. C. Gunsalus and W. W. Umbreit, ibid., 1947, 170, 



313- 



35. B. S. Schweigert and P. B. Pearson, ibid., 1947, 168, 555 ; P. B. 



Junqueira and B. S. Schweigert, ibid., 1948, 174, 605. 



36. F. Rosen, J. W. Huff and W. A. Perlzweig, /. Nutrition, 1947, 33, 



561. 



37. C.-T. Ling, D. M. Hegsted and F. J. Stare, /. Biol. Chem., 1948, 



174, 803. 



38. M. L. Scott, L. C. Norris, G. F. Heuser and W. F. Bruce, /. Biol. 



Chem., 1945, 168, 291. 



16. PYRTOOXINE IN THE NUTRITION OF 2VUCRO- 

 ORGANISMS 



The requirements of micro-organisms for p5n:idoxine are as varied 

 as are their requirements for other members of the vitamin B complex. 

 Pyridoxine has been identified as " Bios VII ", one of the constituents 

 of " bios ", the hypothetical substance alleged to be necessary for the 

 growth of certain yeasts (page 404). , 



Yeasts 



Pyridoxine was shown to stimulate the growth of the yeast,^» ^ 

 Saccharomyces cerevisiae and, according to P. R. Burkholder,^ of the 

 following additional species : My coder ma valida, Saccharomyces 

 carlsbergensis var. mandshuricus , S. chodati, S. oviformis, Sac- 

 charomycodes ludwigii, Torulopsis dattila, T. uvae, Brettanomyces 

 bruxellensis and Pichia kluyveri. It is also necessary for the growth of 

 Saccharomyces hanseniaspora valbyensis * and Kloeckera brevis.^ 



Moulds 



Pyridoxine also stimulated the growth of several different kinds 

 of moulds. One of these was Ceratostomella [Ophiostoma) ulmi, which 

 is responsible for Dutch elm disease.^"® This fungus required both 

 aneurine and pyridoxine, but, whereas the latter was essential for 

 growth, aneurine appeared to be only a supplementary growth factor."' 



338 



