ANALOGUES 



vitamin was essential. With other organisms, phenylpantothenone 

 was antagonised by amino acids ; with 5. cerevisiae for instance, 

 histidine was the most active, followed by glutamic acid.^^ 



A number of pantothenic acid analogues were prepared by Rapport 

 et al^'^ and of these N-carbobenzoxy-^-alanylamide, ( + )-pantoyl- 

 diethyl aspartate and sodium ( + )-j8-pantoylamino-jS-4-aminophenyl 

 propionate were tested for antimalarial activity. 



Phenylpantothenone exhibited antimalarial activity, and this led 

 Singher et al}^ to test the effect of (— )-ay-dihydroxy-^^-dimethyl-N- 

 (2-phenylmercaptoethyl)-butyramide on Plasmodium. This compound 

 was also tested on Trichomonas vaginalis, which requires pantothenic 

 acid for growth. It was highly effective in vitro against this organism 

 and also against T. foetus and T. gallinae^^ Other analogues were less 

 effective, namely, ( + )-ay-dihydroxy-jS/S-dimethyl-N-(2-phenyl-sul- 

 phenylethyl)-butyramide, (-|-)-pantoyltauryl anisidide and N-2-benzyl- 

 ethyl-ay-dihydroxy-jSj3-dimethylbutyramide. None of these compoimds 

 was active in vivo in monkeys or humans. 



References to Section i8 



1. E. T. Stiller, S. A. Harris, J. Finkelstein, J. C. Keresztesy and 



K. Folkers, /. Amer. Chem. Sac, 1940, 62, 1785. 



2. A. Griissner, M. Gatzi-Fichter and T. Reichstein, Helv. Chim. Acta, 



1940, 23, 1276, 



3. D. W. Woolley, H. A. Waisman, O. Mickelsen and C. A. Elvehjem, 



/. Biol. Chem., 1938, 125, 715. 



4. D. W. Woolley, ibid., 1940, 134, 461. 



5. K. Unna and C. W. Mushett, Amer. f. Physiol, 1942, 135, 267. 



6. S. A. Harris, G. A. Boyack and K, Folkers, /. Amer. Chem. Soc, 



1941, 63, 2662. 



7. A. L. Neal and F. M. Strong, ibid., 1943, 65, 1659. 



8. U. Schindler and D. Reichstein, Pharm. Acta Helv., 1945, 79. 



9. H. H. Weinstock, H. K. Mitchell, E. F. Pratt and R. J. Williams, 



/. Amer. Chem. Soc, 1939, 61, 1421. 



10. J. H. Mueller, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 1937, 36, 706 ; J. H. 



Mueller and A. W. Klotz, /. Amer. Chem. Soc, 1938, 60, 3086. 



11. W. C. Evans, W. R. C. Handley and F. C. Happold, Brit. J. Exp. 



Path., 1939, 20, 396. 



12. M. Hoffer and T. Reichstein, Nature, 1939, 144, 72. 



13. M. M. El Sadr, H. G. Hind, T. F. Macrae, C. E. Work, B. Lythgoe 



and A. R. Todd, ibid., 73. 



14. M. A. Pollack, /. Amer. Chem. Soc, 1943, 65, 1335. 



15. N. Nielsen and G. Johansen, Naturwiss., 1943, 31, 235. 



16. Y. SubbaRow and L. Rane, /. Amer. Chem. Soc, 1939, 61, 1616. 



17. T. Reichstein and A. Griissner, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1940, 23, 650. 



18. H. K. Mitchell, H. H. Weinstock, E. E. Snell, S. R. Stanbery and 



R. J. Williams, /. Amer. Chem. Soc, 1940, 62, 1776. 



26 401 



