BIOTIN 



lactose. Ground whole oats and oat groats also supported intestinal 

 synthesis, the effect being more marked with the former. The sjm- 

 thesis and absorption of biotin were directly related to the level of 

 oats in the diet.^® 



References to Section 12 



1. F. S. Daft, L. L, Ashbum and W. H. Sebrell, Science, 1942, 96, 321. 



2. G. J. Martin, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 1942, 61, 353. 



3. E. Nielsen and C. A. Elvehjem, /. Biol. Chem., 1942, 145, 713. 



4. F. W. Neumann, M. M. Krider and H. G. Day, Proc. Soc. Exp. 



Biol. Med., 1943, 52, 257. 



5. G. A. Emerson and E. Wurtz, ibid., 1944, 57, 47. 



6. A. D. Welch and L. D. Wright, /. Nutrition, 1943, 25, 555. 



7. E. Nielsen, G. M. Shull and W, H. Peterson, ibid., 1942, 24, 523. 



8. E. Nielsen and A. Black, ibid., 1944, 28, 203. 



9. L. D. Wright and A. D. Welch, ibid., 1944, 27, 55. 



ga. V. H. Barki, P. H. Derse, R. A. Collins, E. B. Hart and C. A. 

 Elvehjem, ibid., 1949, 37, 443. 



10. L. D. Wright and A. D. Welch, Science, 1943, 97, 426. 



11. H. A. Waisman, K. B. McCall and C. A. Elvehjem, /. Nutrition, 



1945. 29, I. 



12. G. A. Emerson and E. Wurtz, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 1945, 59, 



297. 



13. M. A. McGregor, H. T. Parsons and W. H. Peterson, /. Nutrition, 



1947. 33, 517. 



14. T. W. Oppel, Amer. J. Med. Sci., 1942, 204, 886. 



15. J. Gardner, H. T. Parsons and W. H. Peterson, Arch. Biochem., 



i945» 8, 339 ; Amer. J. Med. Sci., 1946, 211, 198. 



16. C. W. Denko, W. E. Grundy, J. W. Porter, G. H. Berryman., T. E. 



Friedemann and J. B. Youmans, Arch. Biochem., 1946, 10, 33 ; 

 C. W. Denko, W. E. Grundy, N. C. Wheeler, C. R. Henderson, 

 G. H. Berryman, T. E. Friedemann and J. B. Youmans, ibid., 



1946, 11, 109. 



17. R. C. Thompson, Univ. Texas Publ., No. 4237, p. 87. 



18. P. R. Burkholder and I. McVeigh, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 1942, 28, 



285. 



19. K. R. Johansson, S. K. Shapiro and W. B. Sarles, /. Bad., 1947, 



54, 35 ; 1948, 56, 619 ; J. R. Couch, W. W. Cravens, C. A. 

 Elvehjem and J. G. Halpin, /. Nutrition, 1948, 35, 57. 



20. J. R. Couch, M. L. Sunde, W. W. Cravens, C. A. Elvehjem and 



J. G. Halpin, ibid., 1949, 37, 251. 



13. ANIMAL AND HU2V1AN REQUIREMENTS OF BIOTIN 



It is obvious, from what has been said already about the meta- 

 bolism of biotin and the existence of bacterial synthesis in the gut of 

 many animal species, that it is not easy to assess the biotin require- 



436 



