THE CRANE 63 



and we may safely rest assured that the old stock 

 of indigenous individuals and regular winter 

 migrants has long passed away. We might add, in 

 concluding this historical survey of the Crane as a 

 British species, that remains of the bird have been 

 found in the "' kitchen middens " of Ballycotton in 

 County Cork. 



The Crane has a very extensive range, being a 

 breeding species in all suitable localities throughout 

 Europe and Northern Asia, and wintering in 

 various parts of Southern Asia and Europe, and 

 in Africa as far south as the northern limits of 

 the intertropical realm. In Europe it visits the 

 Arctic regions to breed, as well as many localities 

 in South Russia, Turkey, the Danube area, Austro- 

 Hungary, Italy, Andalusia, Germany, Poland, and 

 the Baltic Provinces. In Asia it does not go quite 

 so far north (the Arctic Circle in the extreme west, 

 latitude 60° farther east), but in the south it breeds 

 in Turkestan, the Baikal area, and the valley of 

 the Amoor. Its winter home in Asia is in Persia, 

 Palestine, South China, and Northern India. Three 

 years ago Dr. Sharpe separated the Asiatic individ- 

 uals as Grus lilfordi,on the ground of their presumed 

 paler coloration, but their specific distinctness has 

 not been very generally recognised by naturalists. 



