92 ROBERT M. YERKES 



and when the child reached for it, he found himself several feet 

 away from his prize. (4) The boxes were moved to a position 

 nearly under the banana and another futile attempt was made 

 to reach it without placing the smaller box on top of the larger 

 one, the only position from which the child could readily obtain 

 it. (5) The piece of board was placed on top of the larger box 

 and from this height the child again reached upward. (6) The 

 six-foot stick was taken up and an attempt was made to strike 

 the banana and thus dislodge it, but it was too securely fastened 

 to be obtained thus. (7) Attention shifted to other things, 

 and the child played for a time with the board. Reminded of 

 the banana by the experimenter, he again tried method (3). 

 (8) He again used the stick on the banana. (9) The effort to 

 knock the prize to the floor having failed, he became discouraged 

 and said that he must go home. (10) When told that Julius 

 was very hungry and wanted the banana, he repeated efforts 

 similar to those described in (3) and (6). 



Up to this time the observations had covered a period of 

 twenty minutes. The child was now taken from the cage and 

 allowed to play about for fifteen minutes. Asked then whether 

 he would go back and try to get the banana, he replied, " No, 

 'cause I don't want to get it," thus indicating his discourage- 

 ment with the situation. When taken into the cage, he, never- 

 theless, made the additional attempts indicated below : (11) Use 

 of one of the boxes. (12) He remarked, " Now I know, I'll 

 get it," and after so saying, repeated (3). (13) Failing, he 

 turned to me and said, " I could get it if I was on your head," 

 but he did not, as Julius had done, lead me to the proper place 

 and try to reach the banana by climbing up or by urging me to 

 lift him. (14) Later, he played in the boxes, apparently forget- 

 ful of his task. Finally he remarked: " I'll get the banana," 

 but he made no attempt to do so, and instead, watched the 

 monkeys intently. Thereafter, he showed no further interest 

 in the solution of the problem, and the experiment, after a total 

 period of fifty-five minutes, was discontinued. 



Comiparison of the behavior of the ape with that of the child 

 indicates a greater variety of ideas for the latter. Julius gauged 

 his distances much more accurately than the child, attended 

 more steadily, and worked more persistentl}^ to obtain the 

 reward, but he did not so nearly approach the idea of stacking 



