60 HARRY H. WYLIE 



Summary 



Trials Series 



Normal Record for learning pain found 191 .13 12 . 74 



Gained by direct transfer 66 . 83 4 . 44 



Gained by two simultaneous 50. 13 3.34 



Gained by four simultaneous 86 . 13 5 . 74 



Little comment is necessary here except to call attention 

 to the fact that the direct transfer brought a greater saving 

 in learning the pain series than the transfer with two simul- 

 taneous sound and pain series. Notice was called in the 

 series of experiments where the animals were transferred 

 from light to sound to a somewhat similar case where two 

 simultaneous series produced little advantageous effect 

 over direct transfer. In the present case the two stimuli, 

 when simultaneously given for two series, actually proved 

 a hindrance to transfer when compared with the direct 

 transfer effects with the same two stimuli. This is the only 

 instance in all the experiments performed where simultaneous 

 series proved less advantageous than direct transfer. 



(5) Pain to Light — Two groups of animals were trans- 

 ferred from pain to light. Group XX was transferred 

 directly. Group XXI was given two series of simultaneous 

 pain and light, after having learned the response to the 

 pain, and then were transferred to the light. The results 

 are given in the tables below. Illustrative curves are to be 

 found on page 43. 



Group XX Group XXI 



Transferred directly from pain to light Transferred with two simultaneous series 



Animal Trials Series Animal 



No. 165 165 11 No. 162 



No. 166 165 11 No. 163 



No. 167 135 9 No. 164 



No. 170 120 8 No. 168 



No. 169 



Average 146.25 9.75 



Average 105 7 



Summary 



Trials Series 



Average for learning light, Normal Record found 198.87 13.26 



Gained by direct transfer 52 . 62 3.51 



Gained by two simultaneous 93 . 87 6 . 26 



One interesting feature of the results is that even in the 

 case of learning the response to the light, which was very 

 easily acquired on the average, it turned out to be advan- 

 tageous to learn first the response to the pain stimulus. 



