94 



THE TRICHOMONADS 



membrane, a long, coarse axostyle and a 

 costa with 2 rows of granules. Like T. 

 hiitlreyi and the form cultured from a calf 

 by Diamond (1957), it resembles T. balra- 

 churiDn. The relationship between the 

 small trichomonads of mammals requires 

 study. 



TRITRICHOMONAS EBER THI 

 (MARTIN AND ROBERTSON, 1911) 

 KOFOID, 1920 



Synonyms : Trichomonas eberthi. 



Hosts : Chicken, turkey. Kotlan 

 (1923) reported T. eberthi from the duck. 



Location : Ceca. 



Geographic Distribution : Worldwide. 



Prevalence : Common. McDowell 

 (1953) found T. eberthi in 35% of a large 

 number of chickens in Pennsylvania. 



Morphology : The body is carrot- 

 shaped, 8 to 14 by 4 to 7|ii , with vacuo- 



Fig. 



10. Tritrichoinonas eberllu. X 4700. 

 (From Martin and Robertson, 1911) 



lated cytoplasm, and 3 anterior flagella. 

 The undulating membrane is prominent, 

 extending the full length of the body. The 

 posterior flagellum extends about half of 

 the body length beyond the undulating mem- 

 brane. An accessory filament is present. 

 The cytostome is difficult to demonstrate. 

 The blepharoplast is composed of 4 equi- 

 distant granules, but tends to stain as a 

 single body. Five to 12 or more subcostal 

 granules are present. The axostyle is 

 massive, hyaline, with its anterior end 

 broadened to form a capitulum which con- 

 tains siderophilic, argentophilic granules. 

 Other endoaxostylar granules are also 

 present. A ring of chromatic granules 

 surrounds the axostyle at its point of emer- 

 gence from the body. The parabasal body 

 is shaped like a flattened rod, sometimes 

 lumpy, of variable length. There are 5 

 chromosomes. 



Pathogenesis : Non- pathogenic. 



Cultivation : Diamond (1957) culti- 

 vated T. eberthi axenically for the first 

 time in Diamond's medium. 



OTHER SPECIES OF TRITRICHOMONAS 



Tritrichomonas muris (Grassi, 1879) 

 occurs in the cecum, colon and sometimes 

 small intestine of the Norway rat, black 

 rat, house mouse, golden hamster and a 

 large number of wild rodents. It measures 

 16 to 26 by 10 to 14^l. 



T. minuta (Wenrich, 1924) occurs in 

 the cecum and colon of the Norway rat, 

 house mouse and golden hamster. It meas- 

 ures 4 to 9 by 2 to 5 jli . 



T. wenyoni (Wenrich, 1946) occurs in 

 the cecum and colon of the Norway rat, 

 house mouse, golden hamster, rhesus 

 monkey and Chacma baboon. It measures 

 4 to 16 by 2.5 to 6 fi. 



T. caviae (Davaine, 1875) occurs in 

 the cecum and colon of the guinea pig. It 

 measures 10 to 22 by 6 to 11 ji . 



Tritrichomonas sp. Nie, 1950 occurs 

 in the cecum of the guinea pig. It meas- 

 ures 6 to 13 by 4. 5 to 6. 5 |i. 



