114 



OTHER FLAGELLATES 



nucleus. They apparently lack a para- 

 basal body. The only genus found in do- 

 mestic animals is Monocerconiunoides . 



Genus MONOCERCOMONOfDES 

 Travis, 1932 



Members of this genus have 4 anterior 

 flagella in 2 pairs, a pelta and an axostyle 

 which is generally filamentous. Nie (1950) 

 described 1 to 4 strand-like funises which 

 stain with protargol in 4 species of this 

 genus from the guinea pig. The funis is 

 a costa-like structure extending backwards 

 just beneath the body surface. Members 

 of this genus occur in insects, amphibia, 

 reptiles and a number of mammals. They 

 are non-pathogenic. 



Monocercomonoides caprae (Das 

 Gupta, 1935) (syn. , Monocercomonas 

 caprae) was described from the rumen of 

 the goat in India. The body is ovoid, 6 to 

 12(1 long and 4 to 8 p. wide. 



Monocercomonoides caviae (Cunha 

 and Muniz, 1921) Nie, 1950, M. qiiadri- 

 funilis Nie, 1950, Al. ivenrichi Nie, 1950 

 andM. exilis Nie, 1950 occur in the cecum 

 of the guinea pig. 



MonocercoDionoides sp. was found by 

 Saxe (1954) in the laboratory rat and 

 golden hamster. He transmitted it from 

 the hamster to the rat. This species 

 awaits morphologic study and specific 

 characterization. 



Genus COCHLOSOMA 

 Kotlan, 1923 



The body is ovoid, broadly rounded 

 anteriorly and narrowly rounded poster- 

 iorly. Six flagella of unequal length arise 

 from a blepharoplastic complex at the an- 

 terior end; 2 of them are trailing and lie 

 in a longitudinal groove. The nucleus is 

 near the middle of the body. A slender, 

 fibrillar axostyle and a more lateral costa 

 arise from the blepharoplastic complex. 

 On the anteroventral surface is a large 

 sucker which opens on the left side and 

 has a marginal filament. A parabasal 

 body is present. 



Cochlosoma anatis Kotlan, 1923 (syn. , 

 Cochlosoma roslratn»i) occurs in the cloaca, 

 large intestine and sometimes the ceca of 

 the domestic duck, Muscovy duck and also 

 in the wild mallard and various other wild 

 ducks. It has been reported in Hungary by 

 Kotlan (1923), in California by Kimura 

 (1934), in Iowa by Travis (1938), and is 

 probably worldwide in distribution. Kimura 

 (1934) found it in 23 of 30 White Pekin and 

 Muscovy ducks in central California. 



The body of C. anatis is beet-shaped, 

 6 to 12^1 long and 4 to Yfi wide. The sucker 

 covers 1/3 to 12 the body length. The or- 

 ganism swims forward with an erratic, 

 jerky motion, rotating on its long axis but 

 with very little of the dipping motion of 

 Giardia. The parabasal body is sausage- 

 shaped. Reproduction is by longitudinal 

 fission. C. anatis has not been cultivated. 



FAMILY COCHLOSOMATIDAE 



In this family there are 6 anterior 

 flagella, an axostyle, an anteroventral 

 sucker, and a single nucleus. There may 

 or may not be a parabasal body. The only 

 genus so far reported from domestic ani- 

 mals is Cochlosoma, but Cyathostonia 

 Tyzzer, 1930 and Ptychostoma Tyzzer, 

 1930 have been described from the ruffed 

 grouse (Bonasa iimbellus) in North Amer- 

 ica. 



The pathogenicity of C. anatis in water- 

 fowl is unknown. Kimura (1934) found it in 

 both healthy and sick birds, but the condi- 

 tion of the latter was due to bacterial or 

 nutritional disturbances, and even in heavy 

 Cochlosonia infections there was no intes- 

 tinal inflammation. Travis (1938) found 

 no lesions in the infected domestic and 

 wild ducks which he examined. 



McNeil and Hinshaw (1942) reported 

 finding a Cochlosoma morphologically in- 

 distinguishable from C. anatis in turkeys 



