172 



THE TELOSPORASIDA AND THE COCCIDIA PROPER 



mean of 32. 5 by 23.4 /i. Their length- 

 width ratio is 1 . 2 to 1 . 6 with a mean of 

 1. 39. They are typically ellipsoidal, but 

 vary from nearly cylindrical to stoutly 

 ellipsoidal and occasionally slightly ta- 

 pered. The oocyst wall is transparent, 

 about 1 fi thick in the middle, slightly 

 thinner at each end, delicately yellowish 

 brown (paler toward the ends), normally 

 smooth, and apparently composed of a 

 single layer lined by a membrane. The 

 micropyle is an inconspicuous gap in the 

 wall at one end, appearing covered with a 

 thin, dark refraction line. An oocyst 

 residuum and polar granule are absent. 

 The sporocysts were not described by 

 Christensen (1941). The sporulation time 

 is 3 to 4 days. 



Life Cycle : Unknown. 



Pathogenesis : Apparently slight. 



EIMERIA CYLINDRICA 

 WILSON, 1931 



Hosts : Ox, zebu. Wilson (1931) was 

 unable to infect pigs or goats with this 

 species. 



Location: Unknown. Oocysts found 

 in feces. 



a mean of 1. 67. The oocyst wall is thin, 

 smooth, homogeneous, transparent, color- 

 less to slightly tinted, and presumably 

 composed of a single layer. A micropyle 

 is absent, altho the wall is slightly paler 

 at one end. An oocyst residuum and polar 

 granule are absent. A sporocyst residuum 

 is present, but there is no sporocyst Stieda 

 body. The sporozoites are elongate, lying 

 lengthwise in the sporocysts and filling 

 them. (According to Rao and Hiregaudar, 

 1954, the sporocysts measure 6 to 8 by 2 

 to 4/i and the sporozoites are very small, 

 rounded bodies. ) The sporulation time is 

 2 days. 



The oocysts of E. cylindrica intergrade 

 to some extent with those of E. ellipsoidalis 

 in size and shape, but other characters in- 

 dicate that they are separate species. 



Life Cycle : Unknown. Wilson (1931) 

 found oocysts in a calf from the eleventh 

 to twentieth days after experimental infec- 

 tion. 



Pathogenesis : This species appears 

 to be somewhat pathogenic. Wilson (1931) 

 observed blood in the feces of an experi- 

 mentally infected calf 6 days after infection. 

 Rao and Hiregaudar (1954) considered this 

 species pathogenic in zebu calves. 



Geographic Distribution : North Amer- 

 ica, Europe (Austria), India. 



EIMERIA ELLIPSOIDALIS 

 BECKER AND FRYE, 1929 



Prevalence : This species is quite 

 common. Hasche and Todd (1959) found it 

 in 20% of 355 cattle in Wisconsin. Supperer 

 (1952) found it in 4% of 130 cattle in Austria. 

 Rao and Hiregaudar (1954) considered it 

 quite prevalent in zebu calves in Bombay. 

 Ruiz (1959) found it in 1% of 100 adult cattle 

 in the San Jose, Costa Rica abattoir. 



Morpholog y: This species has been 

 described by Wilson (1931) and Christensen 

 (1941). The oocysts are 16 to 28 by 12 to 

 16^1 with a mean of about 23 by 14 (i. They 

 are typically cylindrical, their sides being 

 nearly parallel thruout their middle third, 

 but they may vary from ellipsoidal to nar- 

 row cylinders twice as long as wide. The 

 oocyst length-width ratio is 1. 3 to 2. with 



Hosts : Ox, zebu, water buffalo. 



Location: Small intestine. 



Geographic Distribution : North Amer- 

 ica, Europe (Austria, Spain), USSR. 



Prevalence : This species is common 

 in cattle. Boughton (1945) found it in 45% 

 of 2492 bovine fecal samples from south- 

 eastern United States and remarked that 

 its oocysts comprised 40 to 50% of the total 

 oocyst population in 959 samples from over 

 100 calves 3 to 12 weeks old. Christensen 

 (1941) found its oocysts more frequently 

 than those of any other species in the feces 

 of healthy calves in Alabama during early 

 natural infection. Hasche and Todd (1959) 



