242 



THi; TELOSPORASIDA AND THE COCCIDLA PROPER 



Life Cycle : Unknown. 



Pathogenesis : Most infections ap- 

 pear to be subclinical and self-limiting. 

 However, /. Iiominis may cause a mucous 

 diarrhea. In 31 of 33 cases of Isuspora 

 infection studied by Barksdale and Routh 

 (1948), anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain 

 and diarrhea were present. 



Remarks : This species resembles 

 /. bigetiiina very closely, and it may well 

 be the same species (see Becker, 1956, 

 Elsdon-Dew and Freedman, 1953; Routh, 

 McCroan and Hames, 1955). Elsdon-Dew 

 (1954) failed to infect a dog with /. hominis 

 from man, but the animal was an adult and 

 could have been immune. 



ISOSPORA NATALENSIS 

 ELSDON-DEW, 1953 



Host : Man. 



Location : Unknown. Oocysts found 

 in feces. 



Geographic Distribution : Africa 

 (Natal). 



Prevalence : Elsdon-Dew (1953) 

 found this species in 2 persons in Natal. 



Morphology : The oocysts are sub- 

 spherical, 25 to 30 by 21 to 24^.. The 

 oocyst wall is smooth and thin, without a 

 micropyle. An oocyst polar granule and 

 oocyst residuum are absent. The sporo- 

 cysts are ellipsoidal, 17 by 12 /i, without 

 a Stieda body. A sporocyst residuum is 

 present. The sporulation time is 1 day. 



Life Cycle : Unknown. 



Pathogenesis : Unknown. 



Remarks : When Elsdon-Dew and 

 Freedman (1953) first saw this form, 

 they thought that it was /. rivolla. How- 

 ever, it differs morphologically from that 

 species. 



COCCIDIOSIS IN MAN 



Coccidiosis is quite rare in man, and 

 the relation of the species described from 

 man to those in lower animals is still not 

 clear. Isospora belli appears to be con- 

 fined to man, and /. nataletisis may be 

 also. However, further research may 

 show that /. lioniinis is a synonym of /. 

 bige))iina and that man acquires his infec- 

 tions with this parasite from dogs and 

 cats. 



In addition to the above species which 

 produce infections in man, a number of 

 other coccidia have been found in human 

 feces and mistaken for parasites of man. 

 Perhaps the most famous of these were 

 Eimeria wenyoni, E. oxyspora and E. 

 snijdersi. which Dobell (1919) described 

 as human parasites. The first turned out 

 to be E. clupearum, a coccidium of her- 

 ring, sprats and mackerel, and the second 

 two were both E. sardinae, a parasite of 

 sardines, herring and sprats. In addition, 

 oocysts of E. stiedae of the rabbit have 

 been found in a mental hospital patient who 

 liked to eat raw rabbit livers, and oocysts 

 of E. debliecki of the pig were found by 

 Drug (1946) in several others who probably 

 acquired them in sausage casings. 



ISOSPORA GALLINAE 

 SCHOLTYSECK, 1954 



Host: Chicken. 



Location : Unknown. Oocysts found 

 in feces. 



Geographic Distribution : Europe. 



Prevalence : Unknown, presumably 

 rare. 



Morphology : The oocysts are ellip- 

 soidal, 19 to 27 by 15 to 23)ll with a mode 

 of 24 by 19 fi. A micropyle is absent. 

 Oocyst polar granules are present. An 

 oocyst residuum is absent. The sporo- 

 cysts are piriform. 



