THE PIROPLASMOiSIDA 



297 



Diagnosis : Same as for B. bigemina. 

 The parasites are abundant in the peri- 

 pheral blood during an attack. 



Treatment : Trypan blue is effective 

 against this species, as is acaprin. The 

 latter is administered subcutaneously, 0.2 

 ml per kg of a 0. 5% aqueous solution being 

 given. 



Prevention and Control : Same as for 

 other species of Babesia. 



Treatment : Trypan blue is ineffec- 

 tive against B. avis. Acaprin can be used 

 in the same way as for B. motasi, but it is 

 not as effective. Acriflavine is recom- 

 mended, a single intravenous injection of 

 0. 15 g being given. 



BABESIA FOLIATA 



RAY AND RHAGHAVACHARI, 



Host: Sheep. 



1941 



BABESIA OVIS 



(BABES, 1892)STARCOVICI, 1893 



Synonyms : Hae)iiatococcns ovis pro 

 parte, Piroplasnia ovis, Piroplasjua 

 hirci, Babesiella ovis. 



Hosts : Sheep, goats. 



Location : Erythrocytes. 



Geographic Distribution : Southern 

 Europe, USSR, thruout the tropics and in 

 some subtropical regions. 



Morphology : This is a small species, 

 about 1 to 2. 5fi long. Most of the para- 

 sites are round, and they usually lie in 

 the margin of the host erythrocytes. The 

 angle between the paired, piriform tropho- 

 zoites is usually obtuse. 



Life Cycle : Similar to that of B. 

 bovis. The vectors in the USSR are 

 Rhipicephahts bursa and Ixodes persul- 

 catus (Rastegaeva, 1940). 



B. ovis was found in 2 sheep fetuses 

 by Donatien, Lestoquard and Kilcher- 

 Maucourt (1934). 



Pathogenesis : This species is less 

 pathogenic than B. >}iotasi, but it may 

 cause fever, anemia and icterus. Usually 

 not more than 0. 6% of the erythrocytes 

 are infected. 



Immunity : There is no cross-immun- 

 ity between B. ovis and B. motasi. 



Diagnosis: Same as for B. bovis. 



Location : Erythrocytes. 



Geographic Distribution : India. 



Morphology: This species resembles 

 B. ovis, but differs in being leaf-shaped 

 and in lying more centrally in the host 

 erythrocytes. 



Life Cycle: The vectors are unknown. 



Remarks : Richardson and Kendall 

 (1957) considered this to be probably a 

 synonym of B. ovis, but Neitz (1956) 

 accepted it as a valid species. 



BABESIA TAYLORI 

 (SARWAR, 1935) 



Synonym: Piroplasnia taylori. 



Host : Goat. 



Location: Er3rthrocytes. 



Geographic Distribution : India. 



Morphology: This is a small species, 

 the trophozoites measuring about 2 by . 

 1. 5)u when there is a single one per host 

 cell, down io l\i or less in diameter when 

 there are several. The trophozoites are 

 mostly ovoid or round, rarely piriform. 

 The host cell is enlarged. Division is by 

 binary or quadruple fission. Many ery- 

 throcytes contain 8 or even 16 parasites, 

 which Sarwar thought were produced by 

 multiple fission. The host erythrocj^es 

 are enlarged. Extracellular dividing forms 

 are common. 



